Page 103 - 《真空与低温》2026年第1期

真空与低温 第 32 卷 第 1 期
100 Vacuum and Cryogenics 2026 年 1 月

对 霍 尔 推 力 器 大 脉 冲 扰 动 的 系 统 防 护 方 法 研 究

席竹君 1,2,3 ，张 敏 1,2,3 ，王文超 ，杭观荣 1,2,3
4
（1. 上海空间推进研究所，上海 201112；2. 空间高效能推进技术及应用全国
重点实验室，北京 101416；3. 上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心，上海 201112；
4. 西安微电子技术研究所，西安 710054）

摘要：霍尔推力器具有高效率、高比冲、长寿命、可靠性高等诸多优点，近年来广泛应用于航天器姿态控制、
位置保持以及轨道转移等空间任务。然而，霍尔推力器由于自身工作原理会产生放电扰动，频率从几十千赫兹到
几吉赫兹不等，轻则导致推力输出不稳定，重则引起推力器熄灭，甚至会产生瞬间大电流，大电流通过电缆传导到
卫星一次母线，对整星供电系统产生较为严重的影响，需要针对霍尔推力器的放电扰动特性采取相应的防护方法。
从霍尔推力器放电扰动机理出发，开展了大电流脉冲放电扰动特性分析，针对性提出了电源处理单元软硬件两方
面放电扰动保护措施，并通过仿真和试验验证了防护措施的有效性，为确保霍尔推力器在航天器上的安全可靠应
用提供了工程解决途径。
关键词：霍尔推力器；大脉冲放电扰动；电源处理单元；防护方法；仿真和验证
中图分类号：TB71；V439 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7086（2026）01-0100-08
DOI：10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2026.01.012

The Research on System Protection Methods for Large Impulse Disturbance of Hall Thruster

1,2,3 1,2,3 4 1,2,3
XI Zhujun ，ZHANG Min ，WANG Wenchao ，HANG Guanrong
（1. Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion，Shanghai 201112，China；2. National Key Laboratory of
Space High Efficiency Propulsion Technology and Application，Beijing 101416，China；
3. Shanghai Space Engine Engineering Research Center，Shanghai 201112，China；
4. Xi'an Microelectronics Technology Research Institute，Xi'an 710054，China）

Abstract：Hall thrusters offer numerous advantages for spacecraft propulsion，including high efficiency，high specific
impulse，long service life，and high reliability. These characteristics make them particularly suitable for long-duration mis-
sions requiring precise and sustained thrust. In recent years，Hall thrusters have been widely adopted for various spacecraft
operations，such as attitude control，orbital position maintenance，and orbit transfer maneuvers. Their increasing application
underscores their importance in both commercial and scientific space missions. However，a significant challenge associated
with Hall thrusters arises from their underlying working principle. During operation， they generate discharge disturbances
with frequency components spanning from tens of kilohertz up to several gigahertz. These disturbances，if not properly man-
aged，can lead to various operational anomalies. In mild cases，they may cause unstable thrust output，affecting mission accu-
racy. In more severe scenarios，such perturbations can cause thruster shutdown or the generation of instantaneous high-cur-
rent pulses. These high-current transients can propagate through electrical cables to the satellite’s primary power bus，poten-
tially causing voltage spikes，electromagnetic interference，or even damage to sensitive electronic components. Such events
pose a serious risk to the overall stability and reliability of the spacecraft's power supply system. Given these potential im-
pacts，it is essential to implement appropriate mitigation strategies to address discharge disturbances in Hall thrusters. This
paper begins by examining the fundamental mechanisms behind discharge disturbances in Hall thrusters. It then presents a de-
tailed analysis of the characteristics of high-current pulse discharges generated during operation. Based on this analysis，pro-
tective measures are proposed from both software and hardware perspectives within the power processing unit. The effective-

收稿日期：2025−11−17
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（U22B20130）
作者简介：席竹君，硕士，工程师。E-mail：lynhitwh@163.com