Page 13 - 《真空与低温》2025年第4期

真空与低温 第 31 卷 第 4 期
428 Vacuum and Cryogenics 2025 年 7 月

CRAFT 磁 体 平 台 6 kW@4.5 K 氦 制 冷 机 大 型 卧 式
真 空 绝 热 冷 箱 设 计 与 应 力 分 析

2*
李帅勇 1,2 ，张启勇 1,2 ，陆小飞 ，何艺轩 1,2
（1. 中国科学技术大学，合肥 230026；2. 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，合肥 230031）

摘要：聚变设施主机关键系统综合研究设施（CRAFT）是国家重大科技基础设施项目，超导磁体研究系统是该
设施主要的建设和研究内容之一。为开展全尺寸超导磁体的低温性能测试，设计建设了一套 6 kW@4.5 K 大型氦
制冷机，并对该氦制冷机的卧式真空绝热冷箱进行了计算验证。根据氦制冷机的制冷流程及冷箱内各个设备尺
寸，完成 Φ3.8 m×14.5 m 大型卧式冷箱三维模型和结构设计。定义了正常工况，分析了冷箱在正常工况下的应力、
质量与壁厚的关系，结合国家标准确定了冷箱壁厚，使用有限元分析法计算得到了冷箱在正常工况下受到的应力
和应变情况。定义了吊装工况，计算了冷箱在吊装工况下受到的应力与应变情况。对冷箱进行了模态分析，根据
抗震标准，人工生成了一组地震波，最后用响应谱分析的方法模拟计算了复合载荷下冷箱外壳的地震响应。研究
结果表明壁厚大小与应力应变大小呈非线性负相关，影响程度递减；地震复合载荷下冷箱径向变形很小，主要是
轴向变形；本文设计的卧式真空绝热冷箱在不同情况下的结构强度满足 6 kW@4.5 K 氦制冷机使用要求。
关键词：CRAFT；4.5 K 氦制冷机；卧式冷箱；应力分析；地震响应谱
中图分类号：TB65；TH49 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006−7086（2025）04−0428−09
DOI：10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2025.04.002

Design and Stress Analysis on Horizontal Vacuum Insulated Cold Box of 6 kW@4.5 K
Helium Refrigerator for CRAFT Magnet Platform

1,2 1,2 2* 1,2
LI Shuaiyong ，ZHANG Qiyong ，LU Xiaofei ，HE Yixuan
（1. University of Science and Technology of China，Hefei 230026，China；
2. Hefei Institutes of Physical Science，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Hefei 230031，China）

Abstract：Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology （CRAFT） project is a major national science and
technology infrastructure engineer in China. The superconducting magnet research system is one of the main construction and
research content of the facility. In order to test the cryogenic performance of full-superconducting magnet,a helium refrigera-
tor with the capacity of 6 kW@4.5 K was proposed and under construction. In the meanwhile，the horizontal vacuum insulat-
ed cold box of the helium refrigerator was calculated and verified based on the refrigeration process of helium refrigerator and
the dimensions of each equipment of the helium refrigerator cold box，this paper completes the three-dimensional model and
structural design of a large horizontal cold box with dimensions of Φ3.8 m×14.5 m. The normal working condition was de-
fined.The relationship between the stress，weight and wall thickness of the cold box under normal operating conditions was
analyzed. The wall thickness of the cold box was determined according to the national standard. The stress and deformation
of the cold box under normal working conditions were calculated by using the finite element analysis method. The hoisting
condition was defined， and the stress and deformation of the cold box under the hoisting condition were calculated. The
modal analysis of the cold box was carried out. According to the anti-seismic standard，a group of seismic waves were gener-
ated manually. Finally，the seismic response of the cold box shell under combined loads was simulated and calculated using
the response spectrum analysis method. The research findings reveal a nonlinear negative correlation between wall thickness
and stress-strain，where a thicker wall results in a lesser impact. Under seismic composite loads，the radial deformation of the
cold box remains minimal，predominantly exhibiting axial deformation. The structural strength of the horizontal vacuum insu-

收稿日期：2024−11−28
基金项目：国家重大科技基础设施建设项目（2018-000052-73-01-001228）
作者简介：李帅勇，硕士研究生。E-mail：shuaiyong.li@foxmail.com
通信作者：陆小飞，副研究员。E-mail：xiaofeilu@ipp.ac.cn