Page 135 - 《振动工程学报》2026年第3期
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第 39 卷第 3 期                       振  动  工  程  学  报                                  Vol. 39 No. 3
               2026 年 3 月                      Journal of Vibration Engineering                       Mar. 2026



                                 某电动轮动力总成振动响应分析



                                   李洪玉 , 孙登科 , 吴佩宝 , 张                     鹏 , 侯之超       2
                                                       1
                                           1
                                                                              1
                                                                  2
                      (1. 中国矿业大学(北京)机械与电气工程学院, 北京 100083; 2. 清华大学车辆与运载学院, 北京 100084)
              摘要: 电动轮动力总成的振动特性直接影响轮毂驱动车辆的操控性和乘坐舒适性。本文针对某具有 NW 行星轮系的电动轮动
              力总成,基于多体动力学模型,开展仿真计算,分析不同工况下由径向电磁力、转矩脉动和齿轮传递误差等多种激励引起的动
              力总成壳体的振动响应。建立了动力总成的刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,计算了行星轮系高速级和低速级齿轮副的传递误差。
              基于驱动电机的电磁有限元模型,计算了电机的径向电磁力和转矩脉动。分析了激励中幅值较大的各阶谐波单独作用,以及
              三种激励同时加载时动力总成壳体的振动响应。结合动力总成稳态工况的振动台架试验,对该电动轮的振动特性进行了讨
              论。结果表明,行星轮系高速级和低速级的齿轮传递误差是引起该电动轮动力总成壳体振动的主要激励源。
              关键词: 电动轮动力总成; 多体动力学; 多源激励; 振动特性; 振动响应
              中图分类号: U469.72; U463.2      文献标志码: A      DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202401038

                           Vibration response analysis of an electric wheel powertrain



                                       1
                                                                 2
                                                                                1
                                                     1
                              LI Hongyu , SUN Dengke , WU Peibao , ZHANG Peng , HOU Zhichao   2
                      (1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing),
                       Beijing 100083, China; 2.School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
              Abstract: The vibration characteristics of an electric wheel powertrain directly affect the ride comfort and maneuverability of a hub
              driving vehicle. This paper presents an analysis based on the multi-body dynamics model of an electric wheel powertrain with an
              NW planetary wheel system, to explore vibration responses of the powertrain casing caused by various excitations, including radial
              electromagnetic force, torque pulsation, and gear transmission error under typical working conditions. A rigid-flexible coupled mul⁃
              tibody dynamics model is established for the powertrain, and the transmission errors with the gear pairs of both the high-speed and
              the  low-speed  stages  of  the  planetary  wheel  system  are  calculated.  The  radial  electromagnetic  force  and  torque  pulsation  of  the
              drive motor are figured out according to an electromagnetic finite element model of the motor. Vibration responses of the power⁃
              train housing are predicted respectively for the critical harmonic components of one of the three excitations acting alone, and for the
              three excitations applied simultaneously. Referring to the vibration bench tests on the powertrain in steady-state conditions, the vi⁃
              bration characteristics of the in-wheel motor powertrain are then clarified. The results show that the gear transmission errors under
              the high-speed and the low-speed stages of the planetary wheel system are the main excitation sources to the housing vibration of
              the target electric wheel powertrain. The findings  presented in this paper are of value to controlling the noise, vibration and harsh⁃
              ness performance of the in-wheel motor powertrain.

              Keywords: electric wheel powertrain;multibody dynamics;multi-source excitation;vibration characteristics;vibration response

                  轮毂驱动,也称电动轮,被认为是未来电动汽车                         的研究,包括:电机与电驱动系统特性及其差异分
              的理想构型。其动力总成的动力学特性,将直接影                            析;3000 r/min 匀速工况的电磁力、电磁转矩和齿轮
              响车辆的 NVH 性能 。电动轮动力总成主要由驱                          啮合激励分析,以及电磁力和齿轮啮合力共同作用
                                [1]
              动电机和减速器等组成。电机的电磁力与转矩脉                             下系统振动噪声分析。研究结果表明,减速器输入
              动,以及减速器齿轮的啮合作用,是该动力总成的主                           级齿轮的 1 倍、2 倍和 3 倍啮合频率以及电机 10 倍电
              要激励源 。                                            流频率是引起噪声的主要原因。刘越等 建立了考
                                                                                                    [6]
                      [2]
                  国内外不少学者针对集中式电驱动动力总成开                          虑壳体柔性的减速器模型,针对高转速和低转速运
              展了振动特性分析。方源等              [3⁃5] 对此进行了多方面          行状态进行动力学仿真,确定了引起壳体振动响应


                  收稿日期: 2024-01-14; 修订日期: 2024-05-24
                  基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0121300)
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