Page 183 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第11期
P. 183
第 38 卷第 11 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 11
2025 年 11 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Nov. 2025
耦 合 曲 轴 振 动 的 柴 油 机 翻 边 轴 瓦 润 滑 性 能 分 析
施佳皓 , 赵 滨 , 徐含章 , 张宇祥 , 刘 洋 , 解忠良 , 卢熙群 , 郭怀谦 2
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(1. 哈尔滨工业大学苏州研究院,江苏 苏州 215104; 2. 哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
3. 福建省能源材料科学与技术创新实验室(IKKEM),福建 厦门 361005; 4. 武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北 武汉 430061;
5. 西北工业大学力学与交通运载工程学院, 陕西 西安 710072)
摘要:翻边轴瓦是一种集径向与止推功能于一体的特殊滑动轴瓦,在恶劣工况下,其径向与止推部分同时承载,使得润滑性能
受径向-止推双结构耦合效应及曲轴振动的综合影响。为更加精准地阐释动载工况下翻边轴瓦的瞬态润滑特性,提升其运行
可靠性,本研究基于径向-止推交界面的滑油热、压力、流量连续性条件构建了翻边轴瓦双结构润滑耦合关系,建立了考虑径
向-止推耦合润滑效应的翻边轴瓦瞬态热弹流混合润滑模型,在此基础上,以时变油膜刚度作为耦合媒介,形成了曲轴振动与
翻边轴瓦润滑的双向耦合分析方法,并分析了曲轴振动对轴瓦润滑特性的影响。结果表明,与传统将曲轴振动与轴瓦润滑分
开求解的方法相比,该模型得到的翻边轴瓦在工作周期内的润滑性能曲线形状发生改变,同时周期最大油膜压力有所降低,
周期最小油膜厚度有所增加,基于该模型可为曲轴翻边轴瓦高精度润滑计算提供更加完善的理论支撑和方法工具。
关键词: 瞬态分析;热弹流润滑;曲轴振动;耦合作用;翻边轴瓦
中图分类号:TH133.31 文献标志码:A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202508036
Analysis of lubrication performance for journal-thrust coupled bearings
in diesel engines with coupled crankshaft vibration
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SHI Jiahao ,ZHAO Bin ,XU Hanzhang ,ZHANG Yuxiang ,LIU Yang ,XIE Zhongliang ,LU Xiqun ,GUO Huaiqian 2
(1.Harbin Institute of Technology Suzhou Research Institute,Suzhou 215104,China;2.College of Power and Energy Engineering,
Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;3.Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of
Fujian Province (IKKEM),Xiamen 361005,China;4.Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan 430061,China;
5.School of Mechanics and Transportation Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)
Abstract:The journal-thrust coupled bearing is a special type of sliding bearing that integrates journal and thrust parts. Under harsh operating
conditions, its journal and thrust parts bear loads simultaneously, causing the lubrication performance to be affected by the combined
influence of the journal-thrust dual-structure coupling effect and crankshaft vibration. To more accurately elucidate the transient lubrication
characteristics of the journal-thrust coupled bearing under dynamic loading conditions and enhance its operational reliability, this study
established a dual-structure lubrication coupling relationship for the journal-thrust coupled bearing based on the continuity conditions of oil
temperature, pressure, and flow at the journal-thrust interface. A transient thermal elastohydrodynamic mixed lubrication model was
developed,considering the journal-thrust coupled lubrication effect. Based on this,a bidirectional coupling analysis method for crankshaft
vibration and the lubrication of journal-thrust coupled bearings was established using time-varying oil film stiffness as the link, and the
influence of crankshaft vibration on the bearing lubrication characteristics was analyzed. The results show that, compared to traditional
methods that solve crankshaft vibration and bearing lubrication separately,the lubrication performance curve of the journal-thrust coupled
bearing over its operating cycle changes in shape when obtained using this model. Additionally,the maximum oil film pressure per cycle
decreases,while the minimum oil film thickness per cycle increases. This model provides a more comprehensive theoretical foundation and
methodological tool for high-precision lubrication calculations of crankshaft journal-thrust coupled bearings.
Keywords:transient analysis;thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication;crankshaft vibration;coupled effect;journal thrust coupled bearing
柴油机翻边轴瓦是一种位于曲轴末端的特殊结 恶劣,特别是当曲轴受到轴向冲击载荷时,翻边轴瓦
构轴瓦,在柴油机实际运行过程中,其工作条件较为 不仅需同时承受轴向与径向载荷,还面临高载荷、
收稿日期:2025-08-13;修订日期:2025-10-15
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52271312);黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(YQ2024E037)

