Page 221 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第9期
P. 221
第 38 卷第 9 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 9
2025 年 9 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Sept. 2025
增 稠 剂 对 调 谐 液 体 阻 尼 器 阻 尼 比 与 频 率 的 影 响 研 究
罗 帅 1,2,3 , 李寿英 1,2,3 , 何书勇 1,2,3 , 陈政清 1,2,3
(1. 湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南 长沙 410082; 2. 桥梁工程安全与韧性全国重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410082;
3. 湖南大学风工程与桥梁工程湖南省重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410082)
摘要:调谐液体阻尼器 (tuned liquid damper, TLD) 是一种简单有效的被动型振动控制装置。通过在 TLD 中添加增稠剂的方式,
研究了液体黏性对 TLD 系统阻尼比与频率的影响规律。采用黏度计测试了增稠剂浓度与液体黏度的关系;设计了矩形、圆
形、圆环形和 U 形 4 种类型的 TLD 水箱,在单向简谐激励振动台上进行了试验,探究了增稠剂浓度、水箱水深比、外激励频
率、相对激励幅值和放置时间等参数对 TLD 性能影响的规律;进行了 TLD 系统的 CFD 数值仿真,研究了水箱尺寸的影响。结
果表明:增加增稠剂浓度,可以有效提高 TLD 的阻尼比,且对 TLD 频率几乎没有影响;水深比对 TLD 的频率和阻尼比影响较
小;外激励幅值和频率对 TLD 系统的频率和阻尼比影响不大,但会显著改变液面波高;添加增稠剂液体的 TLD 放置时间增
长,会导致 TLD 内液体黏性下降,造成 TLD 阻尼比降低;且随着放置时间增长,TLD 内部分液体挥发,水深比减小,进而发生
TLD 频率失谐的现象;随着水箱尺寸减小,TLD 阻尼比逐渐变大,当尺寸较大时,阻尼比基本保持稳定。
关键词: 调谐液体阻尼器;增稠剂;阻尼比;频率;振动台试验;CFD 数值模拟
中图分类号:TU352.1;TU311.3 文献标志码:A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202310035
Effect of thickener on damping ratio and frequency of tuned liquid damper
LUO Shuai 1,2,3 ,LI Shouying 1,2,3 ,HE Shuyong 1,2,3 ,CHEN Zhengqing 1,2,3
(1.College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Bridge Safety and Resiliance,
Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;3.Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wind and Bridge Engineering,Hunan University,
Changsha 410082,China)
Abstract:Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) is a simple and effective passive vibration control device. By adding thickening agents to the TLD,
the effect of liquid viscosity on the damping ratio and frequency of the TLD system is studied. Firstly,the relationship between thickener
concentration and liquid viscosity is measured by a viscometer. Then,rectangular,circular,circular and U-shaped TLD tanks are designed
and tested on a unidirectional harmonic excitation vibration table.The influence of parameters on the performance of the TLD is analyzed,such
as thickener concentration,water depth ratio of the tank,external excitation frequency,relative excitation amplitude and placement time.
Finally,CFD numerical simulation of TLD system is carried out to study the influence of tank size. The results show that increasing the
concentration of thickener can effectively improve the damping ratio of TLD,and has little effect on the frequency of TLD. Water depth ratio
has little effect on frequency and damping ratio of TLD. The external excitation amplitude and frequency have little effect on the frequency and
damping ratio of the TLD system,but can significantly change the liquid surface wave height. The TLD placement time of the thickener liquid
increased,resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of the liquid in the TLD,resulting in a decrease in the damping ratio of the TLD,partial
volatilization of the liquid in the TLD,and a decrease in the water depth ratio,resulting in a phenomenon of TLD frequency mismatch. As the
size of the tank decreases,the TLD damping ratio gradually increases,and the damping ratio remains basically stable when the size is larger.
Keywords:tuned liquid damper;thickening agent;damping ratio;frequency;shaking table test;CFD numerical simulation
高层建筑频率低、阻尼小,风振问题突出。调谐 比非常低 (<1.0%),远小于最优阻尼比,难以达到理
液体阻尼器 (tuned liquid damper, TLD) 作为一种简单 想的减振效果。
有效的被动型减振装置,具有构造简单、造价低、安 已有较多学者关注 TLD 自身阻尼比提升方法,
装方便、易于维护等优点,已在高层建筑减振中得 例如在水箱内增设格栅、挡板或浆柱等阻尼构件。
到广泛应用。但是,目前常用的纯水 TLD 自身阻尼 TAIT 等 [1-3] 建立了线性和非线性数学模型描述内置
收稿日期:2023-10-16;修订日期:2024-02-26
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(51578234)