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4 期 柳淑芳，等：黄海鳀种群补充的制约机制与资源可持续性探讨 50 卷

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Discussion on constraining mechanisms of population

recruitment and resource sustainability of anchovy
(Engraulis japonicus) in the Yellow Sea

1
1,2
1,3
1*
LIU Shufang , WANG Xinliang , WANG Ruixiang , WAN Ruijing , ZHUANG Zhimeng 1
(1. State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,
Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
2. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and
Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China;
3. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

Abstract: The anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) is a key species in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea ecosystems, playing a vital
role in energy flow and fishery resources. Since its severe collapse in the late 1990s under intense fishing pressure, the popula-
tion has shown slow growth, and its resource sustainability remains a major concern despite recent signs of increase. This
review aims to systematically elucidate the multidimensional mechanisms constraining the effective recruitment of the Yellow
Sea anchovy population, thereby providing a scientific basis for sustainable resource management. By integrating findings from
stock assessment, early life history biology, ecophysiology, population genetics, and climate change research, this paper identi-
fies and analyzes key constraints on E. japonicus recruitment from the perspectives of spawning stock biomass, reproductive
traits, critical bottlenecks during early development, genetic structure, and environmental stressors. The E. japonicus biomass in
the Yellow Sea plummeted from 4.10 million tons in 1993 to a low of 0.11 million tons in 2003. More than two decades later,
the current population size remains far below historical levels. Key mechanisms constraining effective recruitment include:
① Severe depletion of spawners and eggs: In May 2010, E. japonicus egg abundance in the Yellow Sea was only 6.01% of that
in May 1986, and dropped to 0.05% in the same comparable area. ② Decreased egg quality: Natural mortality rates of eggs in

中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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