Page 285 - 《水产学报》2026年第04期

4 期 水 产 学 报 50 卷

Optimal design of survey stations for inshore fishery resources: a case
study of the inshore waters of the Northern Shandong Peninsula

*
ZHENG Xiang , LI Fan , XU Bingqing , YANG Yanyan *
(Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 265500, China)

Abstract: Coastal ecosystems in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow River Estuary support vital fishery resources but are increas-
ingly threatened by environmental degradation and anthropogenic pressures, which necessitating reliable and cost-effective
monitoring. To establish an accurate and efficient fishery resource monitoring system and address the contradiction of "insuffi-
cient accuracy" and "high cost" in traditional surveys of the coastal waters of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow River Estuary, this
study utilized the fishery resource survey data from May and August in 2023 to 2025, compared the efficacy of three sampling
methods: simple random sampling, cyclic systematic sampling, and stratified random sampling, and through quantitative ana-
lysis using the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation index (C REE ), determined the optimal sampling scheme that balances
accuracy and economy. The study found ① the ranking of sampling method efficacy is consistent, with stratified random
sampling having the lowest C REE and the strongest stability; ② the stratification criteria are determined by region and season, in
May of the Bohai Sea coastal area, it is ≤10 m、10-20 m、>20 m; in August, it is ≤8 m, 8-18 m, >18 m; in May of the Yel-
low River Estuary, it is ≤8 m, 8-18 m, >18 m; in August, it is ≤6 m, 6-16 m, >16 m; ③ under the high accuracy standard of
C REE ≤10%, approximately 35 stations were needed for the Bohai Sea coastal area in May and August of a single year; for the
Yellow River Estuary in May and August of a single year, approximately 18 stations were needed; if the conventional standard
of C REE ≤15% is adopted, the number of stations can be reduced by approximately 37.5%. The findings provide technical sup-
port for the construction of a long-term monitoring system for fishery resources in the Bohai Sea coastal area and the Yellow
River Estuary, and also provide scientific basis for the optimization of sampling schemes for the river-mouth-nearshore coupled
ecosystem in the north.
Key words: fishery resource survey; station optimization; stratified sampling; multi-objective comprehensive evaluation; relat-
ive estimation error; Yellow River Estuary; Bohai Sea
Corresponding authors: XU Bingqing. E-mail: xbq6688482@163.com;
YANG Yanyan. E-mail: xqdlmu@163.com
Funding projects: Key Research Project of the National Key Research and Development Program (2024YFD2400402)

https://www.china-fishery.cn 中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries
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