Page 110 - 《水产学报》2025年第7期

黄真理，等 水产学报, 2025, 49(7): 079309

流量 discharge 流量 discharge
上溯 upstream migration 上溯 upstream migration
降河 downstream migration 降河 downstream migration
4 3 2021 初期 中期 末期 10 4 2023 初期 中期 末期 10
过鱼数量/10 4 尾 fish quantity 2 1 监测 stage deficit(MD) 6 4 2 流量/(m 3 /s) discharge 过鱼数量/10 4 尾 fish quantity 3 监测 监测 6 4 2 流量/(m 3 /s) discharge
early stage
mid stage
early stage
mid
late stage
late stage
8
8
监测缺失
monitoring
2
缺失
缺失
缺失
MD
MD
MD
1
0
0
0
0
06-01 06-16 07-01 07-16 07-31 08-15 08-30 06-01 06-16 07-01 07-16 07-31 08-15 08-30
时间/(月-日) 时间/(月-日)
time (m-d) time (m-d)
(a) (b)
20 7 6 2021 6 月 11 日`June 11
15
温度/℃ temperature 10 5 水温区间 water temperature range 过鱼数量/10 4 尾 fish quantity 5 4 3 6 月 17 日`June 17
6 月 22 日`June 22
7 月 2 日`July 2
7 月 3 日`July 3
0
气温区间 air temperature range
6 月水温 water temperature in June 2 1
−5 6 月气温 air temperature in June 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
时间-24 小时制 时间-24 小时制
time (24-hour system) time (24-hour system)
(c) (d)
0.3 2021-06 14 0.3 上溯 upstream migration 2021-07 14
上溯 upstream migration 12 降河 downstream migration 12
降河 downstream migration
水温 water temperature
占比 proportion 0.2 水温 water temperature 10 水温/°C water temperature 占比 proportion 0.2 10 水温/°C water temperature
0.1
0.1
8
8
0 6 0 6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
时间-24 小时制 时间-24 小时制
time (24-hour system) time (24-hour system)
(e) (f)
0.25 0.6 4 500 黑马河
6 月 June Heima 沙柳河
0.20 7 月 July 0.5 4 300 River Shaliu River 布哈河
哈尔盖河
4 100
Haergai
占比 proportion 0.15 流速/(m/s) water velocity 0.4 海拔/m elevation 3 900 泉吉河 River Buha River
3 700
Quanji
0.10
0.05 0.3 临界游泳速度 3 500 River 洄游上限
critical swimming velocity
3 300
0.35 m/s upper limit of migration
0 0.2 3 100
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 100 200 300
水温/℃ 流量/(m /s) 距河口距离/km
3
water temperature discharge distance from the estuary
(g) (h) (i)
图 4 泉吉河裸鲤洄游与环境的关系
(a) 2021 年裸鲤资源与环境监测结果；(b) 2023 年裸鲤资源与环境监测结果；(c) 裸鲤洄游季 (6 月 1 日—8 月 31 日) 泉吉河水温和气温包络
线图以及 6 月平均水温和气温日过程；(d) 2021 年 5 个典型日的裸鲤上溯洄游过程；(e) 初期 (2021 年 6 月) 裸鲤洄游与水温的关系；(f) 中
期 (2021 年 7 月) 裸鲤洄游与水温的关系；(g) 初期和中期裸鲤洄游每小时过鱼占比与水温的关系；(h) 裸鲤上溯洄游与流量的关系；(i) 主
要河流裸鲤洄游地理上限。
Fig. 4 Relationship between G. przewalskii migration and environment in Quanji River
(a) 2021 monitoring outcomes of fish resources and environment; (b) 2023 monitoring outcomes of fish resources and environment; (c) the water and air
temperature ranges of the Quanji River and tracked the average daily temperatures from June 1 to August 31; (d) the upstream migration on five specific
days in 2021; (e) the relationship between the upstream migration and water temperature in June, 2021; (f) the relationship between the upstream migra-
tion and water temperature in July, 2021; (g) the correlation between the hourly percentage of fish successfully migrating upstream and the water temper-
ature during the early and middle phases; (h) the relationship between upstream migration of carp and river discharge; (i) the geographical upper limit of
fish migration in the main rivers of Qinghai Lake.
https://www.china-fishery.cn 中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries
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