Page 54 - 摩擦学学报2025年第8期

1152 摩擦学学报（中英文） 第 45 卷

molding (FDM) technique as a means of material preparation, and PEI/PEEK as a base material, and SCF as a functional
filler. The effect of SCF content on the thermal properties, mechanical properties and tribological properties of PEI/
PEEK blended composites was investigated by using SCF as a functional filler. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the transfer film and wear surface to discuss the mechanism of SCF
content and load on the tribological properties of the composites. The results showed that SCF as a reinforcing phase can
significantly improve the load carrying capacity and wear resistance of polymer composites. On the one hand, SCF with
high wear resistance was exposed to the surface of polymer composites during the friction process and takes the load
preferentially, which reduced the deformation and damage caused by the dyadic surface to the polymer matrix.
Compared with PEI/PEEK composites, the friction coefficients of the composites were reduced by 29.07% and 53.56%,
and the wear rates were reduced by 82.4% and 92.28% for the composites with 3% SCF added at 2 MPa and 5% SCF
added at 5 MPa, respectively. On the other hand, the addition of SCF helped the polymer composites to form a thin and
uniform transfer film on the surface of the metal dyad, which significantly improves the friction reduction and antiwear
performance of the composites under dry friction conditions. However, the mechanical properties of the composites were
adversely affected with the increase of SCF content, especially for the composites with 15% SCF content. Compared
with 30PEI/70PEEK, the tensile and flexural strengths of 15SCF/PEI/PEEK composites had decreased by 58.4% and
31.12%, respectively. Unlike the trend of strength with SCF content, the tensile and flexural modulus of the composites
showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of SCF content, and reached the maximum value
at 5% SCF content. Compared with 30PEI/70PEEK, the tensile modulus and flexural modulus of 5SCF/PEI/PEEK had
increased by 26.73% and 28.81%, respectively. The SCF content had a great influence on the thermal properties of the
composites, and the crystallinity of the polymer composites gradually decreased with the increasing SCF content. The
crystallinity of 15SCF/PEI/PEEK composites decreased by 45.76% compared with that of 30PEI/70PEEK. The residual
carbon rate of the polymer composites showed an increasing trend with the increasing of SCF content, and the residual
carbon rate of 15SCF/PEI/PEEK composites increased by 12.85% at 800 ℃ compared with that of 30PEI/70PEEK. The
results of this study provided theoretical and technical guidance for the design and preparation of PEEK-based friction-
reducing and anti-wear composites for service in high-temperature environments.
Key words: composites; thermal properties; mechanical properties; tribological properties; transfer film

随着现代工业的快速发展，运动部件材料的摩擦 料，其玻璃化转变温度有且只有1个，进一步表明了复

和磨损性能引起了人们的广泛关注. 在机械设备运行 合材料中PEI和PEEK能够完全互溶. 对于添加30%
过程中，尤其是高速重载的工况下，零部件的服役性 (质量分数) PEI的复合材料，明显提高了复合材料的
能很大程度上与其摩擦磨损有关，严重的摩擦磨损会 热学性能，同时降低了打印所需温度，增加了复合材
[1]
引起设备的损坏和失效 . 为了解决运动部件的摩擦 料的弹性模量. 在前期的工作中将PEI引入PEEK复合
磨损难题，具有高承载和高耐磨特性的高性能工程塑 材料中，利用FDM 3D打印技术打印PEI/PEEK复合材
料引起了人们的极大关注. 其中，聚醚醚酮(PEEK)由 料，研究PEI的含量对其热学、力学及摩擦学性能的影
于其一系列优异的性能被广泛应用于运动机构摩擦 响 . 发现不断增加PEI含量提高了PEI/PEEK复合材
[3]
副材料的设计制备. 料热学和力学性能，尤其是30PEI/70PEEK，但PEI的
PEEK作为半结晶热塑性聚合物，具有机械强度 添加增大了PEEK的磨损率，使其仍然无法满足苛刻
[4]
高、耐冲击、耐疲劳和耐辐照等优异性能. 然而，其玻 工况下的减摩抗磨需求 . 因此，在提高PEEK基体耐
璃化转变温度(T )较低，无法满足航空航天等领域苛 热性的同时，通过添加功能填料进一步改善其摩擦学
g
刻工况下的减摩抗磨需求. 因此，为提高PEEK的玻璃 性能是扩大PEI/PEEK复合材料在摩擦学领域应用的
化转变温度，拓宽其使用温度范围成为该领域研究的 必由之路.
热点. 聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为聚酰亚胺主链上引入柔性醚 研究表明：单一的聚合物复合材料其摩擦学性能
键基团的高分子材料，分子结构中的芳香胺官能团和 较差，并不能很好地满足实际工况的需求，然而通过
醚键使得PEI具有耐高温性能. 其玻璃化转变温度为 材料复合化是提升其摩擦学性能比较有效的方法 [5-7] .
217 ℃，热分解温度在500 ℃以上，为通过共混提高 短切碳纤维(SCF)对聚合物复合材料的摩擦学性能具
PEEK基复合材料的耐热性提供了材料基础. El Magri 有明显的改善作用，这主要归因于SCF增强了复合材料
[2]
等 研究表明，3D打印不同含量的PEEK/PEI复合材 的承载能力，促进了金属对偶表面高承载润滑转移膜