Page 129 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第4期

第 41 卷 第 4 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 4
2021 年 7 月 Tribology Jul, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2020170

涉氢环境机械部件的摩擦学研究现状

1,2
1,2*
1,2*
黄 辉 , 万善宏 , 易戈文 , 周 峰 1,2
(1. 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 固体润滑国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学 材料与光电研究中心，北京 100049)
摘 要: 氢气作为一种清洁、高效、可持续的二次能源，在未来我国终端能源体系占比至少10%，以氢能作为汽车和
飞机动力学系统燃料的研究成为热点. 机械运动部件表界面与氢介质将发生复杂的物理化学反应，影响着机械运动
接触面的摩擦学行为，使役过程中氢致疲劳、磨损及腐蚀失效行为，严重制约着机械动力部件运行稳定性、可靠性
和安全性. 本文中重点调研了国际上氢气气氛环境下机械运动部件材料的摩擦磨损行为研究进展，总结了氢气环境
下聚合物基、陶瓷基、金属基及低维度固体颗粒材料的摩擦磨损行为及其损伤失效演变规律，进一步阐述了摩擦工
况下氢气和其他气体介质共存与使役材料的摩擦学行为之间的关联性. 从摩擦学角度提出了抑制氢致损伤的可行
性关键技术及防护材料，并对未来涉氢机械部件服役安全性的科学问题进行了展望.
关键词: 氢气; 摩擦; 磨损; 润滑; 保护
中图分类号: TH117.3 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)04–0572–11

Research Status of Tribology of Hydrogen-Related

Mechanical Components

1,2 1,2* 1,2* 1,2
HUANG Hui , WAN Shanhong , YI Gewen , ZHOU Feng
(1. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Gansu Lanzhou 730000, China
2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100049, China)
Abstract: Hydrogen as a clean, efficient and sustainable energy carrier plays a central role in future energy supply as
well as mechanical systems. The research focus is on hydrogen as a fuel for vehicle and aircraft dynamics system in the
present. Chemical and tribo-chemical reactions occur in the processes at the contacting surface, which causes a set of
damage to machine parts. The hydrogen induced fatigue, wear and corrosion failure have been proven to strongly affect
the stability, reliability and safety of mechanical power components. A number of projects dealing with the influence of
hydrogen on the tribological properties of friction couples have been carried out. This paper reports the tribological
properties and failing mechanism of polymer-based materials, ceramic-based materials, metal-based materials, and low
dimensional nanomaterials in hydrogen. Tribological behavior of materials under the synergistic effect of hydrogen and
other factors has been explained. Key technologies and protective materials for hydrogen damage suppression are
proposed in terms of Tribology. Furthermore, the safety of mechanical components related to hydrogen has prospected.
Key words: hydrogen; friction; wear; lubrication; protective

[1]
氢气是一种可以替代石油的未来清洁能源，是应 气可以实现氢气资源的无限循环 . 我国已具备全球
对环境恶化和终端零排、改善大气环境质量和保障国 最大的制氢产能和巨大的可再生资源开发量，中国工
家能源安全的重要举措之一. 理论上，通过水制备氢 程院院士干勇在“中国氢能发展”明确指出，未来氢能

Received 10 August 2020, revised 24 September 2020, accepted 7 October 2020, available online 28 May 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: shwan@licp.cas.cn; E-mail: gwyi@licp.cas.cn, Tel：+86-931-4968611.