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3 期 杨发利等：BCC-CSM模式土壤分层及其冻融砾石参数化集成方案对青藏高原土壤水热输送的模拟研究 577
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Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Transfer on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
Using the BCC-CSM Model with Enhanced Soil Stratification

and Freeze-Thaw Gravel Parameterization

YANG Fali， YANG Xianyu， LV Shihua
（College of Atmospheric Sciences， Chengdu University of Information Technology / Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Plateau
Atmosphere and Environment / Chengdu Plain Urban Meteorology and Environment Sichuan Province Field Scientific
Observation Research Station / Sichuan Province Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Forecast and
Warning Engineering， Chengdu 610225， Sichuan， China）

Abstract： This study aims to improve the accuracy of simulating soil hydrothermal processes on the Qinghai-
Xizang Plateau by introducing a novel soil stratification method combined with an integrated freeze-thaw gravel
parameterization scheme. The region's unique topography and complex climate pose challenges for conventional
numerical models in achieving precise simulations. The proposed scheme incorporates freeze-thaw parameteriza‐
tion， gravel parameterization， and refined vertical soil discretization， offering a more comprehensive representa‐
tion of the soil characteristics and terrain complexity specific to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. To evaluate the ef‐
fectiveness of the scheme， the BCC-CSM atmospheric circulation model， provided by the National Earth System
Modeling Center， was used for testing. The results demonstrate that integrating freeze-thaw and gravel parame‐
terization significantly improves the representation of soil hydrothermal distributions， especially during the win‐
ter and at greater soil depths. By refining the soil stratification to 20 and 30 layers， the simulations of soil temper‐
ature and moisture have been further enhanced. The 30-layer stratification yields the most accurate outcomes， fol‐
lowed closely by the 20-layer configuration. This approach notably reduces bias and root mean square error in
soil temperature simulations， particularly in the central and western regions of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau， with
better performance in winter compared to summer. While soil moisture simulation accuracy lags behind tempera‐
ture results， the stratification refinement reduces errors， particularly in shallow soil layers. The enhanced stratifi‐
cation also improves the correlation between simulated values and CRA data， strengthening the alignment be‐
tween simulation and observation， especially in the central and western parts of the plateau. This research pro‐
vides new insights into soil hydrothermal processes on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and offers critical methodolo‐
gy and technical support for future climate simulations and predictions. Moreover， the proposed integrated
scheme holds significant potential for simulating soil hydrothermal processes in other plateau regions and may be
applied across a wide range of fields.
Key words： Qinghai-Xizang Plateau； soil hydrothermal processes； model soil stratification； freeze-thaw gravel
parameterization； BCC-CSM model