Page 20 - 《高原气象》2022年第6期

6 期 王卫国等：1979-2018年青藏高原不同地区积雪季极端降水水汽来源分析 1383

The Analysis of Water Vapor Sources of Extreme Precipitation in

Different Subregions of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during the
Snow Season from 1979 to 2018

1
1，2
1，2
1，3
1
WANG Weiguo ，LI Hongyi ，ZHU Xiaofan ，XIE Zeming ，WANG Jian ，HAO Xiaohua 1
（1. Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，
Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，Gansu，China；
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China；
3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development
and Application，Nanjing 210023，Jiangsu，China）
Abstract：Water vapor is a critical component of the hydrological cycle，and has an important impact on precipi‐
tation and water resources on to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau（QXP）. In this paper，we investigated the water va‐
por source and contribution of extreme precipitation over four subregions in the Tibetan Plateau during the snow
season from 1979 to 2018 by using the Flexible Particle Dispersion Method（FLEXPART）. Based on the existing
studies，QXP was divided into the northeastern part of QXP（NEQXP），northwestern part of QXP（NWQXP），
southeastern part of QXP（SEQXP）and southwestern part of QXP（SWQXP）. The results shows that CMFD has
better quality than CPC and HAR，thus we applied CMFD detecting extreme precipitation events over subregions
of QXP. The spatial distribution of extreme precipitation showed great spatial difference among four subregions.
The areas with high extreme precipitation of NEQXP，NWQXP，SEQXP and SWQXP are mainly distributed
around Qionglai Mountain，Karakoram Mountains，Yarlung Zangbo River，and western Himalayas，respective‐
ly. Annual extreme precipitation and annual extreme precipitation days increase significantly in the NEQXP，
NWQXP and SWQXP while it is insignificantly increasing in the SEQXP. There were significant differences in
the water vapor contribution to extreme precipitation over the subregions of QXP. The extreme precipitation in
the SEQXP and SWQXP are mainly controlled by water vapor from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal，
while that in the NEQXP is dominated by the water vapor from the local sources，and that in the NWQXP is con‐
trolled by water vapor originating from the Central Asia. The continuously increasing water vapor supply over the
Bay of Bengal，the Mediterranean，the Arabian Peninsula，the SWQXP，the Central Asia and the NWQXP lead
to the increase of the annual extreme precipitation over the NWQXP. Increase of extreme precipitation in the
NEQXP is more due to the increase of water vapor in the NEQXP year by year. The continuously increasing wa‐
ter vapor supply from the Central Asia and SWQXP is responsible for the increase extreme precipitation over the
SWQXP. Annual water vapor contribution from Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea and SEQXP local area don’t
show increasingly trend to SEQXP which may be the reason for the insignificantly increasing trend of extreme
precipitation during the snow season over SEQXP. These results will helpful to improve the understanding the wa‐
ter vapor cycle and extreme precipitation events on the QXP，and explain the mechanism behind the increase of
extreme precipitation from the perspective of water vapor sources.
Key words：Qinghai-Xizang Plateau；extreme precipitation；snow season；FLEXPART method；water vapor
sources