Page 9 - 《高原气象》2022年第1期
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1 期 杨耀先等:青藏高原近60年来气候变化及其环境影响研究进展 7
偏差等原因,仍有以下几个方面需要进一步深入研 2077-2080.
究: Felix N,Wille C,Ma Y M,et al,2021. Winter daytime warming and
shift in summer monsoon increase plant cover and net CO uptake
(1) 高原表面增暖和表面风速的变化均具有 2
in a central Tibetan alpine steppe ecosystem[J]. Journal of Geo‐
海拔依赖性特征。但这种特征在不同的时间和区
physical Research:Biogeosciences,126,e2021JG006441.
域上存在着很大的差异,例如,不同区域的积雪、 Gao K L,Duan A M,Chen D L,2021. Interdecadal summer warming
土地利用和植被变化的差异以及高原西部站点观 of the Tibetan Plateau potentially regulated by a sea surface tem‐
测数据的匮乏,均使得海拔依赖型增暖的空间模态 perature anomaly in the Labrador Sea[J]. International Journal of
分析和物理机制解释尚存争议。此外,不同季节高 Climatology,41(S1):2633-2643.
原风速变化及其海拔依赖性特征的诊断分析和数 Gao K L,Duan A M,Chen D L,et al,2019. Surface energy budget
diagnosis reveals possible mechanism for the different warming
值模拟研究也需从大尺度环流及高原热力强迫的
rate among Earth's three poles in recent decades[J]. Science Bul‐
反馈过程这两个方面进一步开展。
letin,64(16):1140-1143.
(2) 目前,CMIP6 多模式集合平均结果表明, Gao Y H,Chen F,Lettenmaier D P,et al,2018. Does elevation de‐
高原表面气温和降水模拟的冷偏差与湿偏差依然 pendent warming hold true above 5000 m elevation Lessons from
存在,对短期气候预测以及气候预估准确性的提升 the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Climate and Atmospheric Science,1
造成了瓶颈。因此,基于站点观测分析和卫星遥感 (1):19.
反演,完善高原陆气相互作用与大气湿对流过程参 Guo D L,Nick P,Yang K,et al,2021. Local changes in snow depth
dominate the evolving pattern of elevation-dependent warming on
数化方案,提升气候模式模拟性能的工作仍是高原
the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Science Bulletin,66(11)1146-1150.
气候变化研究的重要内容。
Han Y Z,Ma W Q,Yang Y X,et al,2021. Impacts of the Silk Road
(3) 随着第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究 pattern on the interdecadal variations of the atmospheric heat
的开展,高原西部和高海拔地区观测站点资料逐渐 source over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Atmospheric Research 2:
丰富起来,但仍不能完全满足高原区域气候变化研 105696.
究。因此,基于区域气候模式,利用逐步完善的资 He Y L,Wang W L,Huang J P,et al,2021. The mechanism of in‐
料,开展高分辨率的气候模拟及资料同化,深化高 creasing summer water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal
of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,126:e2020JD034166.
原区域气候变化及多圈层相互作用的研究亟待进
Hersbach H,Bell B,Berrisford P,et al,2020. The ERA5 global re‐
一步完善。
analysis[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Soci‐
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