Page 9 - 《高原气象》2022年第1期
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1 期                    杨耀先等:青藏高原近60年来气候变化及其环境影响研究进展                                          7
               偏差等原因,仍有以下几个方面需要进一步深入研                               2077-2080.
               究:                                                Felix N,Wille C,Ma Y M,et al,2021. Winter daytime warming and
                                                                    shift in summer monsoon increase plant cover and net CO uptake
                  (1) 高原表面增暖和表面风速的变化均具有                                                                   2
                                                                    in a central Tibetan alpine steppe ecosystem[J]. Journal of Geo‐
               海拔依赖性特征。但这种特征在不同的时间和区
                                                                    physical Research:Biogeosciences,126,e2021JG006441.
               域上存在着很大的差异,例如,不同区域的积雪、                            Gao K L,Duan A M,Chen D L,2021. Interdecadal summer warming
               土地利用和植被变化的差异以及高原西部站点观                                of the Tibetan Plateau potentially regulated by a sea surface tem‐
               测数据的匮乏,均使得海拔依赖型增暖的空间模态                               perature anomaly in the Labrador Sea[J]. International Journal of
               分析和物理机制解释尚存争议。此外,不同季节高                               Climatology,41(S1):2633-2643.
               原风速变化及其海拔依赖性特征的诊断分析和数                             Gao K L,Duan A M,Chen D L,et al,2019. Surface energy budget
                                                                    diagnosis reveals possible mechanism for the different warming
               值模拟研究也需从大尺度环流及高原热力强迫的
                                                                    rate among Earth's three poles in recent decades[J]. Science Bul‐
               反馈过程这两个方面进一步开展。
                                                                    letin,64(16):1140-1143.
                  (2) 目前,CMIP6 多模式集合平均结果表明,                      Gao Y H,Chen F,Lettenmaier D P,et al,2018. Does elevation de‐
               高原表面气温和降水模拟的冷偏差与湿偏差依然                                pendent warming hold true above 5000 m elevation Lessons from
               存在,对短期气候预测以及气候预估准确性的提升                               the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Climate and Atmospheric Science,1
               造成了瓶颈。因此,基于站点观测分析和卫星遥感                               (1):19.
               反演,完善高原陆气相互作用与大气湿对流过程参                            Guo D L,Nick P,Yang K,et al,2021. Local changes in snow depth
                                                                    dominate the evolving pattern of elevation-dependent warming on
               数化方案,提升气候模式模拟性能的工作仍是高原
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               气候变化研究的重要内容。
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                  (3) 随着第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究                             pattern on the interdecadal variations of the atmospheric heat
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               丰富起来,但仍不能完全满足高原区域气候变化研                               105696.
               究。因此,基于区域气候模式,利用逐步完善的资                            He Y L,Wang W L,Huang J P,et al,2021. The mechanism of in‐
               料,开展高分辨率的气候模拟及资料同化,深化高                               creasing summer water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal
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