Page 59 - 《高原气象》2022年第1期

1 期 刘 煜等：黄河源区干湿演变条件下的水汽输送特征研究 57

The Characteristics of the Water Vapor Transport under The Condition

of Dry and Wet Evolution in the Source Region of the Yellow River

LIU Yu ，LIU Rong ，WANG Xin ，WANG Zuoliang ，WANG Dayong 3
1
1，2
1
1
（1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions，Northwest Institute of
Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，Gansu，China；
2. university of Chinese academy of sciences，Beijing 100049，China；
3. Shanxi Climate Center，Taiyuan 030006，Shanxi，China）

Abstract：By analyzing Soil Moisture Anomaly Percentage Index（SMAPI）at different soil layers，dry-wet evo‐
lution of the source region of the Yellow River（SRYR）during 2008-2017 are investigated using observations
from the Maqu-Ruoergai soil temperature and moisture monitoring network. To diagnose the water vapor trans‐
portation path and potential water vapor sources in different processes，the Lagrange Flexible Particle Dispersion
Model（FLEXPART），which is driven by reanalysis data（National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final，
NECP FNL），are used to simulate the backward trajectories of target particles. The results show that the water
vapor transportation path can be divided into three categories：（1）South Branch transportation. The water vapor
origins from the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea，and finally arrives at the SRYR by way of the Indian Peninsu‐
la and Bay of Bengal；（2）East Branch transportation. The water vapor is from the Pacific Ocean and the South
China Sea，then passes through the Yangtze River Basin，and finally arrives at the SRYR from eastern and south‐
ern flank of the Tibetan Plateau；（3）North Branch transportation. The water vapor is from the Atlantic Ocean，
the northern African continent，and the European continent，then arrives at the SRYR from the western or north‐
ern side of the Tibetan Plateau by way of the mid-latitude Eurasian continent. Moreover，the North Branch is
dominant in dry period，whereas the South and East branches are prominent in wet period. The water vapor
sources also show discrepancies for dry and wet periods. The water vapor sources of the Tibetan Plateau are main‐
ly distributed around the Kunlun Mountains during wet period，and are scattered distributed from north to south
during transitional period，and are located around the Tianshan during dry period. The intensity of the water va‐
por sources of the Iranian Plateau，Pamir Plateau，and the Bay of Bengal gradually strengthen from wet to dry
period，the intensity of the water vapor sources of the Sichuan Basin-Qinling Mountains and south China en‐
hanced first and then weakened，while the source of Qilian Mountain-Loess Plateau weakened after enhanced.
The intensity of water vapor sources over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and around East Chi‐
na has been weakening from the wet period to the dry period.
Key words：The source region of the Yellow River；water vapor transport；wet and dry evolution；lagrange
method；drought events