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Analysis of the Applicability of Drought Indexes in the Northeast，
Southwest and Middle-lower Reaches of Yangtze River of China

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XIE Wusan ，ZHANG Qiang ，LI Wei ，WU Biwen 1
（1. Anhui Climate Center，Hefei 230031，Anhui，China；
2. National Climate Centre，Beijing 100081，China）
Abstract：Based on the data of temperature，precipitation，soil moisture and historical drought disasters，this pa‐
per analyses the applicability of SPI，SPEI，MI and MCI in the northeast，southwest and middle-lower reaches
of Yangtze River of China from the aspects of spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought，diagno‐
sis of typical drought processes，unreasonable jump times analysis and correlation with soil moisture and drought
disasters，etc. The results show that the four indexes are basically the same in diagnosing the interannual varia‐
tion of drought days，while as to diagnosis of the spatial distribution of drought days，the MCI and MI indexes
are more consistent with the actual situation. As far as the daily diagnosis of typical drought processes is con‐
cerned，MCI has the best effect on the description of drought process，and the unreasonable jump times are
82. 6%，73. 8% and 97. 8% lower than that of SPI，SPEI and MI respectively. There are the least unreasonable
jump times of each index in the middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River，followed by that in the southwest China
and the northeast China. Compared to SPI，SPEI and MI，MCI is the best in the correlation with soil moisture，
which has passed the confident level of 99%，and increases by 9. 2%，54. 7% and 68. 8% respectively. The corre‐
lation between the soil moisture and representative stations in southwest China is the best，followed by that in the
middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River，and that in the northeast China is relatively poor. In terms of correlation
with drought-affected area，MCI is also the best，which is 16. 9%，37. 1% and 27. 6% higher than SPI，SPEI
and MI respectively. The correlation between the indexes and the drought-affected area in northeast China is bet‐
ter than that in the middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River，while that in southwest China is worse. On the
whole，the applicability of MCI is the best，which is closely related to the construction methods of drought index‐
es，drought influence factors，time scales，weight of precipitation in different periods and so on.
Key words：Drought index；applicability；northeast China；southwest China；middle-lower reaches of Yangtze
River