Page 128 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第11期

第 46 卷 王一鸣，等： 电流互感器泄压装置在燃爆载荷下的动态响应与失效机理 第 11 期

力集中以及破口形成后的高速泄流放大作用有关，反映出装置对制造公差与载荷非均匀性的敏感性。
(3) 在爆破片开启的短时脉冲作用下，膨胀器各波纹节仅发生小幅不可逆变形，变形呈“两端大、中
部小”的分布特征，试验测得 9 个波纹节轴向变形量约为 0.60～2.30 mm，表明装置主要通过局部弯曲塑
性功耗散能量且端部约束/波动反射会增强端部响应。基于试验压力时程输入并与关键形貌/变形对比
验证后，显式动力学模型能够较好再现裂纹扩展顺序、开启形态及应力分布等主要特征，可用于补充试
验难以观测的应力-应变场与裂纹演化分析，并作为参数敏感性与优化设计的虚拟试验平台。
综上所述，电流互感器泄压装置在燃爆工况下呈现显著的高应变率、瞬态动力学与波动传播耦合特
征；工程设计与选型应从静态指标评估转向动态开启-火焰外逸-结构吸能的综合校核路径。

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