Page 121 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第5期
P. 121
第 46 卷 第 5 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 5
2026 年 5 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES May, 2026
DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0326
钽合金 EFP 靶后破片的空间散布特性 *
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位国旭 ,徐宏伟 ,郭 锐 ,李向东 ,张 磊 ,姬 龙 2
(1. 南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏 南京 210094;
2. 西安现代控制技术研究所陆空基信息感知与控制全国重点实验室,陕西 西安 710065)
摘要: 为研究钽合金爆炸成型弹丸(explosively-formed projectile,EFP)侵彻靶板产生靶后破片的空间散布,首先开
展了钽合金 EFP 侵彻 45 钢的 X 光及破片散布试验;其次,采用经试验验证的 FE-SPH(finite element-smoothed particle
hydrodynamics)固定耦合方法开展了多种弹、靶条件下 EFP 垂直侵彻靶板的数值模拟,获得了靶后破片空间散布的数
据集;最后,采用基于贝叶斯优化的支持向量回归对靶后破片密集飞散角数据进行训练,得到了基于贝叶斯优化的支
持向量回归模型。研究结果表明:从试验结果来看,靶后破片云形貌为典型的截椭球状,由于钽、钢密度差异导致不
同材料破片径向膨胀能力不同,钢破片分布在椭球的外表面而钽破片分布在椭球的内表面,靶后破片主要集中在验证
靶上中心穿孔处周围的圆形区域;采用 FE-SPH 固定耦合方法模拟再现了靶后破片的形成过程,得到的靶后破片云形
貌与试验结果十分接近,靶后破片平均最大飞散角与试验结果的相对误差不超过 10%,验证了数值模拟结果的准确
性;建立的基于贝叶斯优化的支持向量回归模型能够实现对不同靶板厚度、着靶速度条件下靶后破片的密集飞散角的
准确预测,数值模拟结果与模型预测结果的最大相对误差均小于 10%,在此基础上可以实现对靶后一定距离内验证靶
毁伤面积的快速预测。
关键词: EFP;靶后破片;空间散布;支持向量回归;贝叶斯优化
中图分类号: O389; TJ012.4 国标学科代码: 13035 文献标志码: A
Spatial dispersion characteristics of behind-armor debris generated during
the penetration of tantalum alloy explosively-formed projectile
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WEI Guoxu , XU Hongwei , GUO Rui , LI Xiangdong , ZHANG Lei , JI Long 2
(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China;
2. National Key Laboratory of Land and Air Based Information Perception and Control, Xi’an Modern Control Technology
Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: To investigate the spatial dispersion characteristics of behind-armor debris (BAD) generated by the penetration of
tantalum alloy explosively-formed projectile (EFP) into steel targets, a comprehensive study combining experimental testing,
numerical simulation, and machine learning prediction was performed. First, X-ray imaging and fragment-distribution
experiments were conducted on 45 steel targets penetrated by tantalum alloy EFP to obtain initial experimental data.
Subsequently, the finite element-smoothed particle hydrodynamics (FE-SPH) fixed-coupling method, which had been validated
by the experimental data, was employed to simulate the perforation process. These numerical simulations were carried out
under a wide range of working conditions, specifically varying the projectile velocity and target thickness. Through this
process, a comprehensive dataset describing the spatial dispersion of BAD was generated. Finally, to achieve rapid prediction
capabilities, a support vector regression (SVR) model was established. The Bayesian optimization algorithm was utilized to
* 收稿日期: 2025-09-29;修回日期: 2025-12-26
基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(30925020102)
第一作者: 位国旭(1997- ),男,博士研究生,wei_guoxu@163.com
通信作者: 郭 锐(1980- ),男,博士,教授,guorui@njust.edu.cn
051433-1

