Page 117 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第6期

第 41 卷 第 6 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 6
2021 年 11 月 Tribology Nov, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2020213

原始组织对ER9车轮钢滚动接触疲劳

性能的影响

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刘旭东 , 刘鹏涛 , 赵秀娟 , 任瑞铭 1,2*
(1. 大连交通大学 材料科学与工程学院, 辽宁 大连 116028;
2. 大连交通大学 辽宁省轨道交通关键材料重点实验室, 辽宁 大连 116028)
摘 要: 利用双盘滚动接触疲劳试验机对原始组织分别为片状珠光体+先共析铁素体(P+PF)和回火索氏体(TS)的
ER9车轮钢试样进行滚动接触疲劳试验，并对结果进行了分析。结果表明：在油润滑条件下，原始P+PF试样的滚动
接触疲劳寿命是TS试样的2.8倍. 其原因是原始的P+PF的试样表面存在厚约1 μm的机加工细晶层，而TS试样无明显
细晶层，在疲劳过程中，P+PF试样会优先在细晶层内萌生浅层裂纹并平行于表面扩展形成浅层剥落，而后在细晶层
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剥落的区域萌生疲劳裂纹，而TS试样则直接在试样表面萌生疲劳裂纹. 经过1×10 周次在空气中的预磨损后，两种
不同原始组织的试样表面均被强化，滚动接触疲劳寿命均有大幅度的提升. 但由于P+PF试样预磨损过程中机加工
细晶层的剥落以及产生了少量的疲劳磨损，部分疲劳磨损裂纹成为滚动接触疲劳裂纹的裂纹源，而预磨损后的
TS试样的表层形成分布更为均匀的细晶层，故预磨损后的TS试样的滚动接触疲劳寿命远高于P+PF试样.
关键词: ER9车轮钢; 片状珠光体; 回火索氏体; 裂纹; 细晶层; 预磨损
中图分类号: TG142.21 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)06–0902–11

Influence of Original Microstructure on Rolling Contact
Fatigue Properties of ER9 Wheel Steel

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LIU Xudong , LIU Pengtao , ZHAO Xiujuan , REN Ruiming 1,2*
(1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian JiaoTong University, Liaoning Dalian 116028, China
2. Key Laboratory of Key Material of Rail Transit in Liaoning Province, Dalian JiaoTong University,
Liaoning Dalian 116028, China)
Abstract: In recent years, with the continuous development of railway transportation, the speed of passenger trains has
continued to increase. Rolling contact fatigue failure has become the main failure form of wheel-rail materials. In order
to improve the rolling contact fatigue life of train wheels, the influence of original microstructure on rolling contact
fatigue life of ER9 high speed wheel steel was analyzed. It provided theoretical and experimental basis for the design
and damage control of key materials of rail transit. The ER9 wheel steel with the original microstructure of lamellar
pearlite + proeutectoid ferrite (P+PF) was quenched and tempered to obtain the ER9 wheel steel with the original
microstructure of tempered sorbite (TS). GPM-40 rolling contact fatigue testing machine was used for rolling contact
fatigue test. Because the actual wheel-rail running process is the rolling contact fatigue phenomenon after a certain dry
friction operation, in order to be closer to the engineering reality, the pre-wear of the ER9 wheel steels with two different
original microstructures, and then the rolling contact fatigue test is performed. In this test, ER9 wheel steel is the main
sample, and U71Mn rail steel is used as the accompanying sample. Use FM-700 microhardness tester for hardness
measurement, use USB digital microscope, Zeiss Supra 55 field emission scanning electron microscope with electron

Received 11 October 2020, revised 9 January 2021, accepted 18 January 2021, available online 28 November 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: rmren@djtu.edu.cn,Tel：+86-411-84106863.
The project was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB654802).
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2015CB654802)资助.