Page 4 - 《真空与低温》2026年第1期
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第  32 卷    第  1 期                          真空与低温
                 2026 年 1 月                           Vacuum and Cryogenics                                  1



                       复  合   铜   集   流   体  制   造   工   艺  及   其   支   撑  层   改   性   方  案   综   述



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                    高 科 ,沈光宇 ,罗一凡 ,张 蕾 ,宋琳琳 ,范藤辉 ,步绍宁 ,翁子航 ,翁伟嘉 ,武俊伟                                   1,2*
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                                      (1. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) ,广东 深圳 518055;
                                    2. 江苏英联复合集流体有限公司,江苏 扬州 225603)
                     摘要:复合铜集流体通过“铜膜-高分子支撑层-铜膜”三层结构设计,以轻量化(铜用量减少                              50%  以上)显著提
                  升锂离子电池能量密度,以纵向断裂与横向绝缘特性可阻断热失控蔓延,同步解决能量密度与安全性间的矛盾,
                  在新能源市场领域具有重要应用价值。其制造工艺分为三类路径:一步法(全干法,以磁控溅射设备升级为迭代
                  方向,设备投资大)、二步法(磁控溅射-电化学镀,当前产业化主流)、三步法(磁控溅射-真空蒸镀-电化学镀,蒸镀
                  提高铜层完整性,但高温易损伤基膜)。核心制造工艺为磁控溅射镀膜,通常采用卷对卷镀膜方式。复合铜集流
                  体支撑层研究聚焦       PP  基膜(成本低、耐电解液腐蚀、断裂伸长率高),但其非极性表面导致                    PP/Cu 界面结合力不足。
                  改性方案分两类:表面原位改性(等离子体刻蚀和化学刻蚀,通过增加粗糙度和引入极性官能团强化机械互锁,但
                  存在时效性衰退和基膜损伤风险);涂层功能修饰(如                  TA-APTES  纳米球和   PDA  涂层,通过   C=O  和  N-H  与铜配位
                  实现化学键合,更具潜力)。复合铜集流体产业化需解决界面强化和工艺效率问题,未来研究应整合材料创新(如
                  功能涂层)与设备升级,推动其规模化应用。
                     关键词:复合铜集流体;聚丙烯薄膜;磁控溅射;涂层改性;能量密度;安全性
                     中图分类号:TB79                       文献标志码:A       文章编号:1006-7086(2026)01-0001-16
                     DOI:10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2026.01.001

                         A Review of the Manufacturing Process of Composite Copper Current Collectors and
                                        the Modification Schemes of Their Support Layers


                       GAO Ke ,SHEN Guangyu ,LUO Yifan ,ZHANG Lei ,SONG Linlin ,FAN Tenghui ,BU Shaoning ,
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                                            WENG Zihang ,WENG Weijia ,WU Junwei
                            (1. Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;
                          2. Jiangsu Enpack Composite Current Collector Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou 225603,Jiangsu,China)
                     Abstract:The composite copper current collector,designed with a three-layer structure of "metal-polymer support layer-
                  metal",significantly enhances the energy density of lithium-ion batteries by reducing copper usage by more than 50% and
                  achieving lightweighting. Its longitudinal fracture and lateral insulation properties can prevent the spread of thermal runaway,
                  simultaneously addressing the industry's contradiction between energy density and safety,and exhibits significant application
                  potential in the new energy market. Its manufacturing process is divided into three categories: one-step method (all dry pro-
                  cess,with the upgrade of magnetron sputtering equipment as the iterative direction,but with high equipment investment),
                  two-step method (magnetron sputtering-electrochemical plating,the current mainstream of industrialization),and three-step
                  method (magnetron sputtering-vacuum evaporation-electrochemical plating,where evaporation improves the integrity of the
                  copper layer but is prone to damage the base film at high temperatures). Among these,the core of the manufacturing process
                  is magnetron sputtering,which typically uses a roll-to-roll coating method. Research on the support layer of the composite
                  copper current collector focuses on PP base films (low cost,resistant to electrolyte corrosion,and high elongation at break),
                  but  the  non-polar  surface  of  PP  leads  to  insufficient  interfacial  bonding  strength  between  PP  and  Cu.  The  modification
                  schemes are divided into two types: in-situ surface modification (plasma etching and chemical etching,which enhance me-
                  chanical  interlocking  by  increasing  roughness  and  introducing  polar  functional  groups, but  have  risks  of  time-dependent
                  degradation and base film damage); and coating functional modification (such as TA-APTES nanospheres and PDA coatings,


              收稿日期:2025−08−18
              作者简介:高科,博士研究生。E-mail:1984936868@163.com
              通信作者:翁伟嘉,高级工程师。E-mail:wweijia@enpackcorp.com
                      武俊伟,副教授。E-mail:junwei.wu@hit.edu.cn
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