Page 220 - 《振动工程学报》2026年第3期
P. 220
第 39 卷第 3 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 39 No. 3
2026 年 3 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Mar. 2026
非谐分流叶片对离心压气机叶轮气弹稳定性
影响分析
唐新姿, 梁春娟, 刘洪志, 金绍哲, 彭锐涛
(湘潭大学机械工程与力学学院,湖南 湘潭 411105)
摘要: 为探究分流叶片周向角非谐设计对离心压气机叶轮气弹稳定性的影响,以某离心压气机叶轮为研究对象,采用三维非定
常数值分析并结合能量法,对比不同正弦非谐设计叶轮的气动性能、气动阻尼特性,研究分流叶片周向角非谐设计参数对叶轮
气弹稳定性的影响规律和程度,分析叶片气动功密度分布和叶片表面气动力频谱特性,揭示分流叶片非谐设计对叶轮气弹稳
定性的影响机理。结果表明:正弦非谐设计在保证气动性能的同时可以改善叶轮气弹稳定性;分流叶片周向角正弦偏置幅值
为 8°时,非谐叶轮气弹稳定性相对较好,叶轮气动阻尼比相对初始叶轮最大提升 24.4%;合理的非谐设计使得叶片前缘正值气
动功密度分布增强,且各分流叶片表面气动力幅值和频率彼此存在差异,流场激振能量传递变得困难,叶轮气弹稳定性更好。
关键词: 离心压气机; 分流叶片; 非谐设计; 气动阻尼比; 能量法
中图分类号: TH45 文献标志码: A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202405052
Influence analysis of non-harmonic splitter blades on aeroelastic stability
of centrifugal compressor impeller
TANG Xinzi, LIANG Chunjuan, LIU Hongzhi, JIN Shaozhe, PENG Ruitao
(School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105,China)
Abstract: To explore the impact of circumferential angle non-harmonic designs of splitter blades on the aeroelastic stability of a cen⁃
trifugal compressor impeller, a centrifugal compressor impeller was selected for study. A three-dimensional unsteady numerical
analysis combined with the energy method was used to compare the aerodynamic performance and aerodynamic damping character⁃
istics of different sinusoidal non-harmonic designed impellers. The influence patterns and degrees of the non-harmonic design param⁃
eters of the splitter blade circumferential angle on the impeller aeroelastic stability were investigated. The blade aerodynamic power
density distribution and the amplitude and phase characteristics of the aerodynamic forces on the blade surfaces were analyzed, and
the impact mechanism of the non-harmonic design of splitter blade on the impeller aeroelastic stability was revealed. Results indi⁃
cates that the sinusoidal non-harmonic design improves the aeroelastic stability while ensuring the aerodynamic performance; the
impeller with a sinusoidal offset amplitude of 8° exhibited relatively better aeroelastic stability, with a maximum increase in aerody⁃
namic damping ratio of 24.4%. A reasonable circumferential angle non-harmonic design of the splitter blades enlarges the area of
the aerodynamic power density distribution at the front edge of the blade and makes phase differences among the aerodynamic forc⁃
es on the surfaces of different splitter blades, making the transfer of flow-induced vibration energy more difficult, thus increasing
aerodynamic damping, and improving the aeroelastic stability of the impeller.
Keywords: centrifugal compressor;splitter blades;non-harmonic design;aerodynamic damping ratio;energy method
离心压气机由于几何形状复杂,叶轮曲率大,运 稳定性对于增强离心压气机系统稳定性和可靠性具
行转速高,离心力作用较强,内部流动结构复杂,叶 有重要意义。
片瞬态载荷特性和振动特性对叶片使用寿命的影响 非谐设计是一种采用正弦或余弦规律对叶轮结
不容忽视。在复杂的流体激励作用下,非谐离心压 构进行不均匀设计的方法,相关研究表明,该方法可
气机在运行过程中可能发生气弹失稳,对设备的稳 以 有 效 抑 制 颤 振 并 降 低 噪 声 [1⁃3] 。 MALZACHER
定性和安全性构成严重威胁。因此,研究叶轮气弹 等 研究了安装角失谐对叶栅气动阻尼的影响,试
[4]
收稿日期: 2024-05-24; 修订日期: 2024-09-12
基金项目: 湖南省联合基金资助项目(2024JJ7539);湖南省教育厅重点项目(23A0130);湖南省杰出青年基金资助项目
(2022JJ10045);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52375466)

