Page 70 - 《渔业研究》2026年第2期

第 2 期 付生云等： 青海湖裸鲤早期资源现状及其与环境因素关系的研究 213

Study on the early-life stage resource status of Gymnocypris przewalskii in
Qinghai Lake and its relationship with the environment factors

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FU Shengyun ，LUO Ying 1,2* ，QI Hongfang ，YU Luxian ，LÜ Weigang ，TIAN Wengen ，
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GUO Ruochen ，CUI Enhui ，ZHANG Tao ，YAN Liting ，WU Hongfang 1
(1. Qinghai Naked Carp Rescue Center, Xining 810016, China;
2. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Gymnocypris przewalskii Breeding and Protection, Xining 810016, China)
Abstract: [Objective] The early-life stage resources (fertilized eggs and larvae) of Gymnocypris przewalskii
are particularly crucial for population recovery. This study investigates the relationship between the status of
G. przewalskii early-life stage resources and environmental factors in the main inlet rivers of Qinghai Lake, aim-
ing to provide a scientific basis for the protection of its early resources and for the ecological operation of water
conservancy projects. [Methods] From 2018 to 2024, monitoring was conducted annually from June to
September. Based on the actual conditions of each river, conical nets were deployed at monitoring sections in
the Buha River, Shaliu River, Quanji River, Heima River, and Ha’ergai River to monitor these resources. Monit-
oring was performed 3 times per month, with 12 sampling sessions each time, lasting 24 hours. Additionally,
routine monitoring was carried out in the Buha River from June to September, with one session each in the
morning, noon, and evening daily. [Results] From 2018 to 2024, the Buha River recorded a total of 6 082
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larvae and 2 671 fertilized eggs, with an average drifting density of (7.6×10 ±0.61) ind (grains)/m and a cumu-
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lative resource amount of 20.22×10 ind (grains). The Shaliu River recorded 14 962 larvae and 6 777 fertilized
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eggs, with an average drifting density of (2.0×10 ±0.09) ind (grains)/m and a cumulative resource amount of
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1.89×10 ind (grains). The Quanji River recorded 163 339 larvae and 6 791 fertilized eggs, with an average
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drifting density of (6.5×10 ±0.49) ind (grains)/m and a cumulative resource amount of 2.55×10 ind (grains).
The Heima River recorded 6 082 larvae and 5 359 fertilized eggs, with an average drifting density of
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(1.07±0.49) ind (grains)/m and a cumulative resource amount of 0.22×10 ind (grains). The Ha’ergai River
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recorded 7 365 larvae and 3 531 fertilized eggs, with an average drifting density of (1.5×10 ±0.06) ind
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(grains)/m and a cumulative resource amount of 0.82×10 ind (grains). In June, fertilized eggs accounted for
94.2%–98.3% of the total number of fertilized eggs and larvae. In July, the numbers of fertilized eggs and lar-
vae tended to balance, while in August, fertilized eggs accounted for only 0.1%–9.6%. Significant commonalit-
ies were observed in the diurnal rhythms of larvae and fertilized eggs across the five rivers. Specifically, the
patterns for larvae were highly consistent, whereas those for fertilized eggs exhibited a “partially consistent,
partially irregular” characteristic. The primary environmental factor influencing the abundance of early-life
stage resources was light intensity (P<0.01). [Conclusion] The Buha River is the primary site for the occur-
rence of G. przewalskii early-life stage resources, while the Shaliu River and Ha’ergai River serve as important
supplementary sources. Larvae exhibit a distinct diurnal rhythm, predominantly occurring at night. Light intens-
ity is the key environmental factor influencing the abundance of early-life stage resources. The findings of this
study provide scientific support for the sustainable ecological development of the Qinghai Lake fishery.
Key words: Gymnocypris przewalskii; early-life stage resources; resource status; environmental factors