Page 108 - 《水产学报》2026年第01期

1 期 水 产 学 报 50 卷

Prediction of the migration route of Ommastrephes bartramii in
Northwest Pacific Ocean based on Habitat Suitability Model and
its relationship with ENSO

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HAN Guanrong , CHEN Xinjun 1,2,3,4* , LIU Bin 1,5,6 , XIE Mingyang 1
(1. College of Marine Living Resources and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,
Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
3. National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education,
Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
5. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies,
Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200137, China;
6. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography,
Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China)

Abstract: The environmentally sensitive neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) undertakes large-scale, long-range and
seasonal migrations between spawning and feeding grounds in the Northwest Pacific to seek the optimal habitat conditions for
growth and development. To elucidate the general feeding migration routes of the neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific
Ocean, this study developed a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model utilizing environmental data, including Sea Surface Tem-
perature (SST), Sea Surface Height (SSH), and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), along with fisheries catch statistics.
The model was applied to analyze the squid's migration distribution during the feeding season (from July to November) from
1998 to 2020 and its relationship with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The results indicated that in early July, the
squid were widely distributed within 152°-165°E and 38°-42°N. The feeding migration comprised three distinct phases: 1) Ini-
tially, the squid aggregated rapidly northwestward, reaching 155.48°E, 41.75°N by early August. 2) Subsequently, they turned
northeastward, progressed slowly along the Subarctic Front, and arrived at the northernmost point (156.56°E, 43.46°N) in late
September. 3) Finally, they commenced a direct return migration southwestward, arriving at 151.52°E, 41.26°N by late Novem-
ber. Over the past 23 years, significant interannual variability was observed in the migration routes, with longitudinal and latit-
udinal shifts of approximately 1.7° and 0.5°, respectively. The research reveals that ENSO events influence the spatiotemporal
distribution of juvenile squid, leading to a more eastward-biased northward feeding migration. Compared to normal years, dur-
ing La Niña events, the expanded suitable habitat promoted faster growth and a quicker northward migration, resulting in a
more northerly terminus (43.76°N). Conversely, during El Niño years, the migration tended to stall south of 43°N, with slower
north-south progression. Furthermore, constrained by regional environmental conditions, the squid exhibited a higher aggrega-
tion tendency from mid-August to early October, which enhanced the commercial fishing efficiency. It is concluded that the
neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific follows a defined feeding migration route, which exists distinct modifications in
response to ENSO events. These findings provide scientific support for understanding and managing the fisheries resource of
neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, in particular.
Key words: Ommastrephes bartramii; feeding migration; Habitat Suitability Model; ENSO; Northwest Pacific Ocean
Corresponding author: CHEN Xinjun. E-mail: xjchen@shou.edu.cn

Funding projects: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC42476086)

https://www.china-fishery.cn 中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries
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