Page 56 - 《水产学报》2023年第1期

董在杰，等 水产学报, 2023, 47(1): 019604

Main methods, genetic analysis and prospect of common carp
(Cyprinus carpio) breeding in China

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DONG Zaijie , LUO Mingkun
(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,
Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China)

Abstract: The aquatic breeding is the basis for the development of aquaculture, serving as a strategic and funda-
mental core industry of fisheries, and essential for sustainable, healthy and environmentally friendly aquaculture
development. With the development of globalization and marketization of the aquaculture industry, China's
aquaculture seed industry is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Along with rapid development of
biotechnologies, aquaculture genetic breeding has transformed from traditional selection breeding and hybrid
breeding to cell engineering breeding, marker-assisted selection breeding, genome-wide genotyping-based select-
ive breeding, molecular design breeding and genome editing breeding. Advances in basic research and biotechno-
logy of aquaculture genetic breeding have promoted the development of aquaculture seed industry in China. Till
2022, 266 newly bred aquaculture varieties were approved by the National Certification Committee for Aquatic
Varieties and announced by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China. Among them, common carp
(Cyprinus carpio) occupies the top position with 31 new varieties, indicating great achievements in common carp
breeding. In this paper, the current status of common carp breeding in China is summarized, along with its ger-
mplasm and genomic resources. Additionally, the foundation of molecular breeding is briefly reviewed, along with
the research status of its utilization in common carp growth, disease resistance, body color differentiation, feed
conversion ratio and other economic traits. Finally, the development direction and measures of the common carp
breeding industry in the new era are proposed, with the purpose of improving fish breeding in China.
Key words: Cyprinus carpio; breeding; germplasm resources; genetic analysis; prospect
Corresponding author: DONG Zaijie. E-mail: dongzj@ffrc.cn
Funding projects: National Natural Science Foundation of China (32202924); China Agriculture Research Sys-
tem (CARS-45-05); Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund Project
[CX(21)2029]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20220227)

中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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