Page 85 - 摩擦学学报2025年第9期

第 9 期 王禹, 等: 考虑温度影响的大范围膜厚超声相位检测方法研究
18 ℃ measurements
60 21 ℃ measurements
Measured film thickness/μm 40 35 ℃ measurements [ 3 ] International, 2016, 99: 267–277. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.03.
24 ℃ measurements
50
30 ℃ measurements
30
20
10
0 aqueous lubrication[J]. Tribology, 2021, 41(6): 858–869 (in
10 20 30 40 50
Set oil film thickness/μm
Fig. 14 Measurement results of film thickness at
different temperatures
图 14 不同温度下膜厚测量结果
3 结论
润滑油膜厚度是表征摩擦学元件润滑状态的关
键性能指标. 本文中发展了1种考虑温度影响的基于
超声波在润滑油膜层上反射信号相位的大范围膜厚
测量方法，设计搭建了1个温度可控的高精度油膜厚
度校验台，试验验证了等温条件和变温条件下相位法
膜厚测量的准确性与有效性，获得的结论如下：
a. 从理论分析可知，传统利用超声波在润滑油层
反射信号幅值的膜厚测量方法采用单个传感器存在
测量盲区，通过超声波在润滑膜层反射信号的相位获
得膜厚可以消除传统超声波膜厚检测方法在弹簧模
型法与共振法之间存在的测量盲区，实现0.1~60 μm
区间的大范围膜厚测量.
b. 温度是影响相位膜厚测量精度的关键因素，包
括影响参考信号的幅值、相位和超声波在介质中的声
学参数. 其中，温度对参考信号相位的影响成线性关
系，且在各介质的声学参数中，温度对润滑油的密度
和声速的影响对相位法膜厚测量的精度影响显著，在
80 ℃的温度变化情况下，其引起的最大膜厚测量误差
分别为3.8%和11.4％.
c. 等温试验表明：基于超声波在润滑油层上反射
信号的相位膜厚测量方法可以消除传统膜厚超声检
测方法的测量盲区，实现0.1~60 μm区间的大范围膜
厚测量，测量误差小于8%. 变温试验表明：对超声波
在润滑油油层上参考信号进行线性补偿，并对润滑油
密度和声速进行函数补偿，可以有效克服温度对相位
膜厚测量方法的影响，具有良好的准确性和稳定性.
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