Page 63 - 摩擦学学报2025年第10期
P. 63
1460 摩擦学学报(中英文) 第 45 卷
thermal stability. The increase of Carbon fiber content will increased the thermal decomposition temperature and
reduced the evaporation loss of PEEK. The TEM test of the quenched surface showed that the fracture surface of the
layered composite was relatively smooth. Driven by sufficient heat energy, Carbon fiber was effectively embedded in the
PEEK phase and could effectively bear the external stress during the friction process. All layered composite are testing
under experimental conditions of 61, 152, 228 N, 1 m/s, 120 min, 27 ℃ and 40%, the average friction coefficient and
wear rate were reduced by at least 25% and 34%, respectively, indicating that they showed good tribological properties.
The results of tribological experiments showed that the average friction coefficient and wear rate decrease first and then
increase with the increase of Carbon fiber content under low load. With the increase of applied load, the friction
coefficient and wear rate of the composites decreased gradually, and the influence of Carbon fiber concentration on
friction and wear was weakened, and error range was reduced until the critical value is reached. The 15% CF layered
composites were tested under the experimental conditions of 122 N, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2 m/s, 120 min, 27 ℃ and 40%. With
the increase of speed, the friction coefficient of MWCNT+PEI/15CF+PEEK layered composites decreased gradually,
and the wear rate decreases first and then increases.
In summary, the effects of different contents of Carbon fiber on the structure and tribological properties of layered
composites were studied by changing the content of Carbon fiber in PEEK phase. It’s found that 15% CF showed good
tribological properties and excellent thermal stability, for designing high-performance tribo-parts with complex
structures by FDM technique to replace conventional hybrid materials.
Key words: PEEK/PEI layered composites; carbon fiber; fused deposition modeling; tribology
3D打 印 (3D printing, 3DP)又 称 增 材 制 造 技 术 但会导致其磨损率升高. 这表明PEI的加入并没有显
(Additive Manufacturing,AM). 近年来,在多个应用领 著改善共混物的减摩抗磨性能. 因此,需要进一步提高
域中,展现了其在小批量生产高度定制零件方面的巨 PEEK基体的摩擦学性能. 考虑到每种热塑性塑料的
大潜力. 与传统制造方法相比,AM通过逐层构建的方 相对优势(PEI的热稳定性和PEEK的耐磨性),及避免
式有效解决了许多复杂结构零件的成形难题,显著减 在聚合物基体中添加不同固体填料导致流动性和结
少了加工步骤,并缩短了生产周期. 目前,熔融沉积成 晶度变差的影响 [12-17] . 通过在半结晶之间插入非晶态
型(Fused Deposition Modeling,FDM)因操作简单、成 层间层的方法来改善混合复合材料的性能,作者前期
本低和材料利用率高等优点成为最受欢迎的工程热 探索使用FDM方法设计了PEEK-PEI交替层状复合材
塑性材料制备方法 [1-3] . 料,在保持PEEK半结晶的主要特性的同时,增加PEI
聚醚醚酮(PEEK)是1种半结晶的芳香族热塑性塑 的低刚度和高韧性. 在PEI中添加0.3% MWCNT制备的
料,因具有良好的摩擦学性能、优异的拉伸性能、易 PEI+MWCNT/PEEK的层状复合材料,其摩擦系数和磨
加工、重量轻和高强度等优点,可以作为金属摩擦学 损率(WR)分别降低了20%和87%,在提高复合材料力学
部件的替代品用来制造轴承、齿轮和活塞等,被广泛 和热学的同时也显著改善了复合材料的摩擦学性能,但
用于机械设备、航空航天和汽车运输等领域 [4-7] ,然而, 重载、高速和高温条件仍限制了其在工程中的应用.
PEEK的玻璃化转变温度(T )相对较低,过早的热机械 为了提高复合材料的承载能力和耐久性,通常加
g
损伤导致材料失效,难以满足干滑动条件下耐磨性要 入各种填料或增强纤维来提高热塑性聚合物的力学
求. 因此,提高PEEK的玻璃化转变温度,以扩展其使 和摩擦学性能. 碳纤维(CF)具有强度高、重量轻、导热
用温度范围,已成为该领域迫切需要解决的问题. 性好和耐磨等特点,可以显著提高PEEK的承载能力
[18]
聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)是1类在聚酰亚胺主链中引入柔 和摩擦学性能. 逄显娟等 研究了CF/PEEK复合材料
性醚键的高分子材料 [8-11] ,其分子结构中的芳香胺官 摩擦学性能,研究表明,CF的掺入可以显著提高PEEK
[19]
能团和醚键赋予其优异的耐高温性能,玻璃化转变温 在干滑动条件下的减摩抗磨能力. Lv等 研究了CF取
度可达217 ℃,且其热分解温度超过500 ℃. 作者所在 向对3D打印CF/PEEK复合材料摩擦学行为的影响,为
课题组通过FDM技术制备了聚醚醚酮和聚醚酰亚胺 3D打印高耐磨性聚合物复合材料的开发提供了指导方
[20]
(PEI/PEEK)共混复合材料,研究了PEI含量对复合材料 针. Werner等 制备了CF/PEEK复合材料,CF为10%时,
热学、力学及摩擦学性能的影响. 其结果表明,随着PEI 其磨损率下降了2个数量级. 虽然CF的添加可以提高
含量的增加,复合材料的热学和力学性能显著提升, 复合材料的承载能力和摩擦学性能,但也会增加聚合

