Page 114 - 摩擦学学报2025年第10期

第 10 期 刘家昌, 等: SBR/NR/TRR翻新轮胎再生橡胶复合材料的摩擦学特性及机理研究 1511

environmental pollution, save energy, and now has become a green environmental protection industry vigorously
supported by the state, the use of retreaded rubber in tire retreading can be the use of retreaded rubber in tire retreading
can greatly improve the recycling life of used tire materials, however, the deterioration of its tribological properties
brings great uncertainty to the wide application of these retreaded tires. The mechanical shear induction method was
used to prepare retreaded tire composite rubber materials, and the effects of different ratios of retreaded rubber added to
styrene-butadiene rubber/natural rubber (SBR/NR) on the mechanical properties of the composite rubber materials and
on the tribological properties of the composite rubber under different working conditions (load, speed, and slip rate)
were studied, and the tribological properties of the retreaded rubber materials were analyzed on the nano-scale using the
molecular dynamics model. The mechanism was analyzed from the nanoscale using a molecular dynamics model. The
results showed that the use of a small amount of TRR resulted in the deterioration of the mechanical properties of
SBR/NR/TRR composites, the reduction of wear resistance, and the increase of the coefficient of friction. When 5 or 10
parts of retreaded rubber were added to the retreaded tire materials, the constant tensile stress and hardness of the blends
increased, and the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased, but all the physicochemical properties of the
composite rubber materials were in accordance with the national standards. With the further increase of TRR content to
15 parts, its elongation at break decreases the trend of gradual and sharp changes, at this time the elongation at break was
no longer in line with national standards (less than 420%). Therefore, adding 10 parts of TRR (TRR 10 ) was the most
cost-effective adhesive blend. When the load, speed and slip rate conditions are raised to 500%, the impact of each
condition on the amount of TRR 10 wear was roughly the same, were about 20%; slip rate on the temperature rise of the
greatest impact, followed by load, speed was the smallest; speed changes mainly affect the size of the Schallamach
pattern of the rubber tire tread, while the load and slip rate changes on its wear surface is mainly reflected in the tread
wear pattern. A molecular dynamics friction model of SBR/NR/TRR composite vulcanized rubber-aluminum substrate
was developed, and it was found that the radial distribution function (RDF), root-mean-square displacement (MSD),
relative atomic concentration (RC), and temperature (Temp) of the TRR10 composite rubber were higher than those of
the rubber material without added TRR by 3.2%, 11.1%, 12.7%, and 10.6%, respectively. Compared with the composite
rubber materials without added retreaded rubber, the increase of actual contact area at the friction interface of the
composite rubber by the addition of TRR, the increased of contact temperature, and the enhancement of the molecular
chain mobility and adhesion are the mechanisms that lead to the deterioration of the performance of retreaded rubber
materials. The results of the study provide a scientific reference for improving the tribological properties of retreaded
rubber composite tire materials and realizing their industrial application.
Key words: rubber composites; reclaimed rubber; retreaded tires; tribological properties; mechanical properties

废旧轮胎制造的再生橡胶(TRR，tire reclaimed 胶以不同比例混用时，研究发现TRR用量越大，共混
rubber)作为可回收资源化的高分子材料，已引起世界 胶料的硬度和定伸应力均有所提高，回弹值则有所降
[14]
各国的关注 [1-2] . 再生橡胶制造的翻新轮胎可大幅度提 低 ，而撕裂强度则是先增大后减小 ；Ma等 通过
[12]
[13]
高轮胎材料的利用效率、减少环境污染且节约能源， 单螺杆反应挤出再生法制备再生橡胶来取代天然橡
如今已经成为国家大力扶持的绿色环保产业 [3-7] . 欧美 胶/顺丁橡胶混合配方中的全部软化剂及部分炭黑，
[15]
等发达国家更是将高达50%以上的废旧工程胎进行翻 发现其再生程度越高，材料的硫化效率越大 ，耐老
新再利用. 与全新轮胎相比，翻新轮胎的生产成本只 化性能越好，而耐屈挠疲劳性能更是提高10倍以
[16]
有新胎的30%~50%. 并且再生橡胶已成为继天然橡胶 上. Li等 通过连续的剪切流反应将磨碎的橡胶粉末
[8]
和合成橡胶之后的第三大胶源 . 因此解决再生橡胶 (GRP)和脱硫化的废旧橡胶(Dev. R)作为天然橡胶的
的实际应用问题，将对提高轮胎循环利用具有积极的 填料，发现添加GRP后，材料抗拉强度减小，断裂伸长
推动作用 [9-10] . 率下降，而耐磨性有所提高；添加Dev. R后，材料的耐
[17]
再生橡胶是指粉碎后的废旧橡胶制品通过机械 磨性有所降低，撕裂强度却显著提高. Formela等 研
处理等物理和化学加工手段消除其弹性从而恢复其 究了使用不同含量废轮胎橡胶(GTR)填充丁基橡胶对
[11]
塑性和黏性并获得具有二次硫化能力的橡胶 . 鉴于 其硫化过程、静态力学性能(硬度、回弹性和断裂伸长
其广阔的应用潜力，各国学者针对再生橡胶的诸多性 率等)和动态力学性能的影响，研究发现含有30份GTR
能开展了相关研究. 当丁苯橡胶(SBR)与轮胎再生橡 作为填料的丁基橡胶硫化橡胶显示出最高的拉伸强