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                  Early Warning Signals of Dry-Wet Transition in China in Recent 60 Years



                                WU Hao 1, 2, 3 , WANG Jinsong , HOU Wei , LI Yiping , WANG Ying 2
                                                                    4
                                                         2
                                                                              2
                                        (1. Hunan Climate Center, Changsha  410118, Hunan, China;
                           2. Institude of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou  730020, Gansu, China;
                        3. Hunan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Changsha  410118, Hunan, China;
                                            4. National Climate Center, Beijing  100081, China)

             Abstract: In recent years, the dry-wet transition has become more and more frequent. The dry-wet transition is
             related to the formation of regional flood, drought and other disaster events. It is a hot scientific issue in the cur‐
             rent nonlinear dynamics research that how to effectively identify the dry-wet transition process and search for its
             early warning signals. But at present, the identification of such transition process and its early-warning signal are
             still lack of effective and in-depth research. Fortunately, the critical slowing theory shows great potential in the
             study of early-warning signals of complex nonlinear dynamical systems. In view of this, based on the theory of
             critical slowing down and the K drought index data of representative stations in 13 drought regions in China, the
             early  warning  signals  of  dry-wet  transition  are  investigated. Firstly,  the  time  of  dry-wet  transition  of  the  K
             drought index series is determined by moving t-test. Then, the early warning signals of dry-wet transition are
             studied by the variance and auto-correlation coefficient which represent the critical slowing-down phenomenon.
             The results show that the K drought index series of representative stations in different drought regions have differ‐
             ent degrees of dry-wet transition. The critical slowing-down phenomena with the increase of variance and auto-
             correlation coefficient occur in each representative station within 10 years before the dry-wet transition, indicat‐
             ing that the critical slowing-down phenomenon may be an early warning signal before the dry-wet transition. This
             study proves the reliability of critical slowing-down theory as an early warning signal of mutation, and can pro‐
             vide a theoretical and experimental basis for the wide application of this theory.
             Key words: K drought index; critical slowing down; dry-wet transition; early warning signals
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