Page 48 - 《高原气象》2022年第1期

高 原 气 象 41 卷
46

Simulation Analysis of Soil Water and Heat Characteristics in High

and Low Snowfall Years on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

1，3
LUO Jiangxin ，LÜ Shihua ，MA Cuili ，FANG Xuewei 1
1
1，2
（1. Chengdu University of Information Technology，Chengdu 610225，Sichuan，China；
2. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions，
Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，Gansu，China；
3. Baotou Meteorological Bureau，Baotou 014030，Inner-Mongolia，China）

Abstract：Snow cover and frozen soil on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau（QXP）play an important role in the global
water cycle. In this paper，the Regional Climate Model（RegCM4）coupled with the Community Land Model
（CLM4. 5）was utilized to conduct regional simulation experiments on the QXP. This was done to explore the
mechanism of snow influence on soil water and heat transfer during freezing-thawing periods. Our results showed
that RegCM4-CLM4. 5 can effectively simulate the characteristics of high and low snowfall years on the QXP，
and the center of simulated snow depth was 10~20 cm higher than remote sensing snow depth. The simulation ef‐
fect of soil temperature was better than that of soil moisture. The correlation coefficient R of simulated soil tem‐
perature was 0. 95~0. 98，and the correlation coefficient R of simulated soil moisture was 0. 68~0. 89. Compari‐
son of the simulated soil temperature and moisture content of high and low snowfall years on the QXP revealed
that the abnormal amount of snowfall had heat preservation and humidification effect on soil. During freezing pe‐
riod，the soil temperature in high snowfall year is higher than that in low snowfall year. During melting period，
the soil moisture content in high snowfall year is higher than that in low snowfall year. The frozen soil would also
hinder the infiltration of snow melt water，so the difference of soil moisture between the high and low snowfall
years was not more than ± 2%. In permafrost area，when there was more snowfall，the freezing depth increased，
which was conducive to the development of frozen soil. And in seasonal permafrost area，the increase of snow‐
fall was not conducive to the development of frozen soil.
Key words：Qinghai-Xizang Plateau（QXP）；snow cover；CLM4. 5；RegCM4；soil temperature；soil moisture
content