Page 86 - 《高原气象》2021年第5期

5 期 李红梅等：1961—2017年青海高原雨季和降水的变化特征 1047
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周顺武，王传辉，杜军，等，2011. 青藏高原汛期降水的时空分布特 分析［J］. 中国农学通报，33（4）：119-123.

Variation Characteristics of Rainy Season and Precipitation

on the Qinghai Plateau from 1961 to 2017

LI Hongmei，SHEN Hongyan，WANG Qingchun，MA Youxuan
（Qinghai climate center，Xining 810001，Qinghai，China）

Abstract：Based on the daily precipitation data from 46 meteorological stations in the Qinghai Plateau from
1961 to 2017，the whole plateau was divided into three regions using the REOF method. The variable characteris‐
tics of the beginning and ending of the rainy season，and the precipitation in different regions were analyzed. The
results shows：（1）From the southeast to the northwest in the plateau，the rainy season beginning delays，the
rainy season ending advances，the duration period of the rainy season is short and the precipitation decrease grad‐
ually；（2）The change in longitude had a significant impact on the rainy season in the northwest and south of the
plateau. For each increase of 1°，the rainy season beginning advanced 2. 4 d and 2. 0 d；the end was delayed 2. 3
d and 1. 2 d；and the duration period was extended 4. 6 d and 3. 2 d，respectively；（3）Altitude has a great influ‐
ence on the precipitation across the plateau. In the northwest and east area of the plateau where the altitude is rela‐
tively low，with an increase of 46. 8 mm and 8. 3 mm for every 100 m rise，while in the southern area of the pla‐
teau where the average altitude is above 4000 m，and a diminish of 20. 3 mm for every 100 m rise；（4）The
mean rainy season beginning was advanced by 1. 4 d，the end period was delayed by 0. 8 d，the duration was ex‐
tended by 2. 2 d，and the precipitation increased by 6. 5 mm respectively per 10 years from 1961 to 2017.
（5）The extreme precipitation during the rainy season in the plateau has Intensified significantly，especially since
2007. Comparison of the mean value from 1961 to 2017 with the mean value from 1985 to 200，the days of mod‐
erate rain，maximum precipitation within 1 day，heavy precipitation and precipitation intensity increased by 1. 0
-1
d，9. 3%，16. 9% and 0. 4 mm·m ，respectively.
Key words：Qinghai Plateau；rainy season beginning；rainy season ending；precipitation in rainy season；spa‐
tial distribution