Page 122 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第10期

第 46 卷 第 10 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 10
2026 年 10 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Oct., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0129

入射角与攻角对弹体侵彻混凝土薄靶

偏转特性的影响 *

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梁俊宣 ，刘 闯 ，李鹏程 ，沈陶然 ，张先锋 1
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（1. 南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏 南京 210094；
2. 西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院，四川 绵阳 621000）
摘要： 为探究入射角与攻角对弹体侵彻混凝土薄靶偏转特性的影响，基于多层混凝土薄靶侵彻试验数据，通过对
比弹体速度、姿态及弹道偏转等参数对数值模拟方法进行了验证。在此基础上，将弹体沿轴向分为 6 个区段，系统分
析了不同入射角（5°～30°）与攻角（−6°～6°）单独及联合作用下弹体各部分的受力特征与整体的运动特性。研究结果
表明：侵彻过程中弹身受力方向在不同着靶条件下保持稳定，弹头受力方向反转和弹身向前运动引起偏转力矩方向的
变化共同造成了弹体的偏转；正入射角条件下弹道轨迹表现为向上偏转，若带有攻角，当负攻角小于 2°且入射角大于
20°时，弹道的偏转方向由入射角主导，其余情况则由攻角主导；同方向的入射角与攻角会使弹体的姿态角在出靶后先
减小后反向增大；两者方向相反时，较小的攻角会使弹体出靶后姿态角持续增大，此时较大的入射角会使弹体在侵彻
过程中经历三次偏转，攻角大于 2°则会使弹体出靶后姿态角先减小后反向增大。
关键词： 弹体；混凝土靶；侵彻；偏转特性；入射角；攻角
中图分类号： O385 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Influence of trajectory and pitch angle on the deflection characteristics of
projectiles penetrating into thin concrete targets

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LIANG Junxuan , LIU Chuang , LI Pengcheng , SHEN Taoran , ZHANG Xianfeng 1
（1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
Sichuan Mianyang 621000, China）
Abstract: To investigate the influence of trajectory angle and pitch angle on the deflection characteristics of a projectile
penetrating into concrete thin targets, numerical simulation methods were validated by comparing parameters such as projectile
velocity, attitude, and trajectory deflection with experimental data from multi-layered concrete thin-target penetration tests.
This verification methodology ensured the accuracy and reliability of the numerical model for subsequent parametric
studies.Based on this validation, the projectile was divided into six axial segments (the nose section comprising two segments
and the body section divided into four segments) to systematically analyze the force distribution characteristics and overall
motion behavior under both individual and combined effects of different trajectory angles (ranging from 5° to 30°) and pitch
angles (ranging from −6° to 6°). The results show that the direction of the resultant force acting on the projectile body
maintains stability across all tested impact conditions, demonstrating consistent patterns regardless of angle variations.While
the reversal of the force direction on the projectile nose and the change in the deflection moment caused by the forward motion
of the projectile body jointly contribute to the projectile's deflection. Under a positive trajectory angle, the trajectory exhibits an

* 收稿日期： 2025-04-29；修回日期： 2025-07-08
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（12202205，U2441209）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（30924010901）
第一作者： 梁俊宣（2000－ ），男，硕士研究生，19834040698@163.com
通信作者： 刘 闯（1990－ ），男，博士，讲师，chuang.liu@njust.edu.cn

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