Page 129 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第3期

第 46 卷 姚 羿，等： 梯度陶瓷球复合装甲的抗弹性能 第 7 期

(1) 陶瓷球复合装甲具有显著的抗多次弹体侵彻性能，陶瓷球尺寸对复合装甲的损伤模式和抗弹性
能具有显著影响，随着陶瓷球直径的增大，靶板的损伤区域明显扩展，结构非均匀性增强，导致装甲对着
弹点位置的敏感性显著提高。
(2) 当陶瓷球复合靶板遭受多次弹体冲击时，前发弹造成的复合靶板内部损伤会显著削弱靶板整体
防护能力，这将影响后发弹体的动能衰减与侵彻行为；当后发着弹点位于既有前置损伤区时，复合靶板
抗侵彻能力进一步下降；但在一定的着弹间距条件下，非均匀损伤分布可诱发弹体偏转效应，有效降低
弹体对后效靶板的侵彻深度，在 L=15 mm 时，后发弹沿入射方向发生 6.2°偏转有效降低 15% 的侵深。
(3) 梯度排列方向影响复合装甲的抗多次打击防护性能。与负梯度结构相比，正梯度陶瓷球复合装
甲通过在迎弹面布置小尺寸陶瓷球，可有效限制初始损伤区的扩展，并在多次侵彻过程中保持较高的结
构完整性和稳定的抗弹性能。

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