Page 118 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第3期
P. 118
第 46 卷 第 7 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 7
2026 年 7 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jul., 2026
DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2026-0017
梯度陶瓷球复合装甲的抗弹性能 *
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姚 羿 ,赵 凯 ,程劲松 ,郭 顺 ,周 琦 ,王子豪 ,张永亮 ,郑志军 1
(1. 中国科学技术大学近代力学系中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230026;
2. 军事科学院国防工程研究院目标易损性评估全国重点实验室,北京 100036;
3. 南京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏 南京 210094)
摘要: 提出了梯度陶瓷球金属复合结构,并基于 12.7 mm 穿甲燃烧弹的侵彻实验及其数值模拟,分析了多发弹体
侵彻复合靶板过程中前后发弹体间的侵彻行为特征。采用 Johnson-Cook 和 Johnson-Holmquist 材料本构模型开展了系
列有限元模拟,讨论了陶瓷球尺寸、前后发弹体着弹间距和陶瓷球梯度排列方向等因素对复合结构抗弹性能的影响。
结果表明:增大陶瓷球直径可显著扩大损伤区域并增强结构的非均匀性,从而提高靶板对冲击位置的敏感性。在多发
弹冲击条件下,前发弹体冲击造成的既有损伤会明显降低靶板的能量吸收能力,并改变后发弹体的侵彻行为,尤其在
后发弹体着弹点位于损伤区域时更显著。在一定着弹间距下,由损伤不均匀性诱导的弹体偏转可在动能吸收相近的
情况下有效减小背板的侵彻深度。与负梯度结构相比,正梯度陶瓷球复合装甲在相同面密度条件下可使首层陶瓷球
的损伤面积减小 14.8%~57.8%,有效限制初始损伤区的扩展,在多次打击下保持更高的结构完整性。可见,合理设计
陶瓷球梯度分布能够有效改善复合装甲抗多次打击的防护性能。
关键词: 梯度陶瓷球金属复合结构;抗弹性能;弹体侵彻;二次冲击
中图分类号: O385 国标学科代码: 13035 文献标志码: A
Ballistic resistance of gradient ceramic ball composite armor
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YAO Yi , ZHAO Kai , CHENG Jingsong , GUO Shun , ZHOU Qi ,
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WANG Zihao , ZHANG Yongliang , ZHENG Zhijun 1
(1. CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics,
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Target Vulnerability Assessment, Institute of Defense Engineering,
AMS, PLA, Beijing 100036, China;
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology,
Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract: Ceramic/metal composite armor has attracted extensive attention in lightweight protective structures because of its
high hardness, excellent energy dissipation capability, and strong resistance to repeated impacts. However, most existing
studies focus on uniformly distributed ceramic balls and single-impact scenarios, leaving the damage evolution and protective
mechanisms of gradient ceramic-ball composites under multiple impacts insufficiently understood. To address these
limitations, a gradient ceramic-ball metal composite structure was proposed to improve the multi-hit resistance of composite
armor. Penetration experiments using 12.7 mm armor-piercing incendiary projectiles were conducted to investigate the ballistic
response of the composite target. Based on the experimental conditions, numerical simulations were carried out using the LS-
DYNA software to analyze the penetration behavior of successive projectiles impacting the composite target plate. A three-
* 收稿日期: 2026-01-14;修回日期: 2026-03-10
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12572448, 12425210);目标易损性评估全国重点实验室开放基金(YSX2024KFXY010)
第一作者: 姚 羿(2001- ),男,硕士研究生,yy2362778@mail.ustc.edu.cn
通信作者: 张永亮(1987- ),男,博士,副研究员,zyld@ustc.edu.cn
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