Page 149 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第4期

第 46 卷 第 4 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 4
2026 年 4 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Apr., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2024-0474

落石冲击下地面混凝土垫层对

埋地管道的防护作用 *

刘天豪 ，蒋 楠 ，周传波 ，姚颖康 ，杨 锋 ，吕国鹏 1,2
1,2
2
1
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（1. 中国地质大学（武汉）工程学院，武汉 430074；
2. 江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室，武汉 430056）
摘要： 为探究地面混凝土垫层对于用于输水的埋地管道的防护机制，通过全尺寸企口式混凝土管道落石冲击现
场试验（埋深 2 m）结合 DH8302 动态应变系统与 LS-DYNA 数值模拟精细化建模，揭示了管道动应变分布规律及垫层参
数的影响机制。研究结果表明：在埋深 2 m 的工况下，受落石冲击时，管身裂缝失稳扩展更易导致企口式混凝土管道
发生泄漏；管身峰值拉应变随垫层厚度与强度的增大呈非线性减小，垫层厚度需超过临界值（15 cm）方可显著耗能，且
存在强度最优区间（C30～C35），过度提高强度反而会降低防护效能；垫层厚度的防护效能贡献占比达 74%，防护设计
应遵循“几何优先于材料”原则，建议采用 C30～C35 强度、厚度不低于 0.2 m 的混凝土垫层，可大幅降低管道冲击破
坏风险。
关键词： 埋地混凝土管道；落石冲击；混凝土垫层；动力响应
中图分类号： O383 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Protective effect of ground concrete bedding layer on
buried pipelines under rockfall impact

1,2
1,2
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LIU Tianhao , JIANG Nan , ZHOU Chuanbo , YAO Yingkang , YANG Feng , LYU Guopeng 1,2
（1. Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China）
Abstract: To investigate the protective effect of ground concrete cushion layers on buried pipelines used for water
transmission, field rockfall impact tests were conducted by pre-burying multi-section bell-and-spigot concrete pipelines and
casting in-situ concrete cushions on the ground. Combined with the DH8302 dynamic strain testing system, the spatial
distribution characteristics of dynamic strain in the pipeline body and the variation law of earth pressure at the bell-and-spigot
joints were analyzed. The LS-DYNA numerical simulation software was used to establish a detailed model of the rockfall
impact test, and the reliability of the numerical model was verified by comparing simulation results with test results. By
increasing the impact energy of rockfalls, the failure characteristics of buried bell-and-spigot concrete pipelines were studied.
The influence mechanism of concrete cushion parameters (thickness and strength) on the protective effect was further analyzed
by varying these parameters. The results show that under the condition of a burial depth of 2 m, unstable crack propagation in
the pipeline body is more likely to cause leakage of bell-and-spigot concrete pipelines under rockfall impact. The peak tensile
strain in the pipeline body decreases nonlinearly with the increase of cushion thickness and strength. The cushion thickness
must exceed a critical value (15 cm) to significantly dissipate energy, and there is an optimal strength range (C30−C35).

* 收稿日期： 2024-12-04；修回日期： 2025-06-05
基金项目： 湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年项目（2024AFA092）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（52578584、U25A20355、
52478525）；湖北省“智能建造”青年科技人才联合项目（2025DJA118）
第一作者： 刘天豪（2001－ ），男，硕士研究生，liutianhao@cug.edu.cn
通信作者： 蒋 楠（1986－ ），男，博士，教授，jiangnan@cug.edu.cn

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