Page 96 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第3期

第 46 卷 张柱国，等： 泡沫铝夹芯结构抗鸟体冲击吸能机理及在飞机机头端框挡板中的应用 第 3 期

40 Test: Simulation:
ρ r =0.320 ρ r =0.320
35 ρ r =0.284 ρ r =0.284
ρ r =0.200 ρ r =0.200
30
ρ r =0.147
ρ r =0.147
Stress/MPa 25 ρ r =0.100 ρ r =0.100
20
15
10
5

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Strain

图 7 均质泡沫试验与仿真结果对比 图 8 梯度泡沫压缩仿真有限元模型
Fig. 7 Comparison of homogeneous foam Fig. 8 Finite element model of gradient
experimental and simulation results foam compression simulation

仿真结果与试验数据的对比如图 9 所示。图中包含 3 条曲线：正方形空心点线是文献 [31] 中的试
验结果，三角形空心点线是 R-PH 模型的预测结果 [31] ，而实心散点图为本文基于 Pam-crash 仿真所得的结
果。3 组数据整体拟合良好，仿真结果与试验数据之间的相对误差控制在 5% 以内，进一步验证了所采
用材料本构模型在模拟泡沫铝压缩响应方面的准确性与适用性。

35 35
Experimental Experimental
30 Prediction 30 Prediction
Simulation Simulation
25 25
Stress/MPa 20 Stress/MPa 20

15
15
10 10

5 5

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Strain Strain
(a) TiH 2 with mass fraction of 1.0%, growing 30 s (b) TiH 2 with mass fraction of 1.4%, growing 0 s
35 35
Experimental Experimental
30 Prediction 30 Prediction
Simulation Simulation
25 25

Stress/MPa 20 Stress/MPa 20
15
15
10 10
5 5

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Strain Strain
(c) TiH 2 with mass fraction of 1.4%, growing 60 s (d) TiH 2 with mass fraction of 1.8%, growing 0 s

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