Page 15 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第01期

第 46 卷 第 1 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 1
2026 年 1 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jan., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0160

结构体高速倾斜入水的尾拍载荷及姿态稳定性 *

李 尧 ，张东俊 ，孙铁志 ，刘 凡 ，袭祥发 1
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（1. 北京机电工程总体设计部，北京 100854；
2. 大连理工大学船舶工程学院，辽宁 大连 116024；
3. 大连理工大学工业装备与结构分析国家重点实验室，辽宁 大连 116024）
摘要： 为深入了解跨介质结构体在高速入水过程中会受到多次尾拍作用，基于 VOF 多相流方法开展了跨介质入
水结构体及其附体带攻角倾斜入水工况下自空泡产生、发展至溃灭全过程的载荷研究，分析了入水结构体主体及附体
结构入水全过程的载荷特性，揭示了入水倾角对尾拍、空泡溃灭载荷及入水稳定性的影响规律。结果表明：空泡溃灭
阶段为结构体入水过程中的最危险工况，随入水倾角增大，空泡溃灭阶段结构体轴、法向受力增大，法向过载系数趋
近于常数；当入水倾角由 60°增至 90°后，结构体的俯仰力矩系数增大了 47.1%；大倾角入水能够增益空泡溃灭阶段水平
尾舵的轴、法向载荷环境，改善结构体入水稳定性，但同时会恶化垂直尾舵的轴向载荷环境；空泡溃灭阶段尾空泡击
打结构体尾部瞬间，结构体三向转动被抑制，处于短暂静止状态。
关键词： 高速入水；尾拍；尾舵；空泡溃灭；入水稳定性
中图分类号： O352 国标学科代码： 13025 文献标志码： A

Tail-slapping load and trajectory stability of a trans-media vehicle during
high-speed oblique water entry

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LI Yao , ZHANG Dongjun , SUN Tiezhi , LIU Fan , XI Xiangfa 1
（1. System Design Institute of Mechanical-Electrical Engineering, Beijing 100854, China;
2. School of Naval Architecture, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China）

Abstract: To understand the multiple tail-slapping the trans-media vehicle going through during the high-speed water entry,
which may cause damage to the main structure and its accessories. The study was conducted to investigate the load
characteristics of the main body of the trans-media vehicle and its accessories in the stages of the generation, development, and
collapse of cavities under the condition of inclined water-entering with an attack angle, based on the VOF multiphase flow
method. The influence of the water entry inclination angle on the tail-slapping load, cavity collapse load and the trajectory
stability are revealed. The results show that the cavity collapse stage is the most dangerous working condition during the water
entry process. As the water entry inclination angle increases, the axial and normal forces on the structure increase in the
cavitation collapse stage, while the normal overload coefficient approaches a constant. When the inclination angle into the
water increased from 60° to 90°, the pitch moment coefficient of the structure increased by 47.1%. A larger inclination angle
can reduce the axial and normal loads of the horizontal rudders during the cavity collapse stage, and also improve the trajectory
stability of the vehicle. However, it will increase the axial loads of the vertical rudders at the same time. When the cavity wall
impacts the tail of the trans-media vehicle during the cavity collapse stage, the three-directional rotation of the body is

* 收稿日期： 2025-06-03；修回日期： 2025-08-21
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（52431010）
第一作者： 李 尧（1989－ ），男，博士，yaoli772824100@163.com
通信作者： 孙铁志（1986－ ），男，博士，教授，suntiezhi@dlut.edu.cn

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