Page 121 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第01期
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第 46 卷           张雪梅,等: 3种典型聚能装药对水中双层间隔靶的侵彻特性研究                                 第 1 期

               衰减率提高了       8.05%。EFP  的着靶速度      v 下降了    850 m/s,穿靶后的剩余速度         v 下降了   807 m/s,总衰减
                                                                                     2
                                                   1
               率提高了    25.36%。这说明,随着水介质长度的增大,JPC                 着靶前速度和穿透靶板后速度的衰减性能要优
               于  JPC  和  EFP。

                       20                                        30

                                     Upper surface voltage at point 1          Upper surface voltage at point 2
                                     Lower surface voltage at point 1          Lower surface voltage at point 2
                                                                 20            Upper surface voltage at point 3
                                                                               Lower surface voltage at point 3
                       10                                                             Δt 2 =14.0 μs
                     Voltage/V   Δt 0 =9.0 μs                   Voltage/V  10  Δt 1 =12.5 μs

                       0
                                                                  0


                      −10                                       −10
                     −70.353 95  −70.353 85  −70.353 75  −70.353 65  −85.548 80−85.548 75−85.548 70 −85.548 65 −85.548 60
                                        t/s                                        t/s
                               (a) At measuring point 1                (b) At measuring points 2 and 3
                                       图 11    JPC  聚能装药在各测点的电压信号曲线(H=20 cm)
                              Fig. 11    Voltage signal curves of JPC shaped charge at each measuring point (H=20 cm)
                     30                                         30

                           Upper surface voltage at point 1                 Upper surface voltage at point 2
                           Lower surface voltage at point 1                 Lower surface voltage at point 2
                                                                            Upper surface voltage at point 3
                     20                                         20         Δt 2 =25.0 μs
                                                                            Lower surface voltage at point 3
                    Voltage/V  10  Δt 0 =11.0 μs              Voltage/V  10  Δt 1 =18.0 μs


                      0                                         0


                    −10                                        −10
                    −67.332 30  −67.332 20  −67.332 10  −67.332 00  −82.703 10 −82.703 05 −82.703 00  −82.702 95  −82.702 90
                                       t/s                                       t/s
                              (a) At measuring point 1               (b) At measuring points 2 and 3

                                       图 12    SCJ 聚能装药在各测点的电压信号曲线        (H=20 cm)
                              Fig. 12    Voltage signal curves of SCJ shaped charge at each measuring point (H=20 cm)

                                           表 1    聚能装药侵彻体在不同介质中的侵彻速度
                                 Table 1    Penetration velocity of shaped charge penetrator in different media
                                  入水前(测点1)                   着靶前(测点2)               穿靶后(测点3)
                装药类型     F/cm                    H/cm                                                 η 3 /%
                                                                   −1
                                                                                          −1
                                            −1
                                 Δt 0 /μs  v 0 /(m·s )  Δt 1 /μs  v 1 /(m·s )  η 1 /%  Δt 2 /μs  v 2 /(m·s )  η 2 /%
                                                  20     8.5    4 118   29.41   9.5    3 684   10.53  36.84
                  SCJ     35      6.0    5 833
                                                  45    10.0    3 500   40.00  11.0    3 182    9.09  45.44
                                                  20    12.5    2 800   28.00  14.0    2 500   10.71  35.71
                  JPC     35      9.0    3 889
                                                  45    15.0    2 333   40.01  16.0    2 187    6.26  43.76
                                                  20    18.0    1944    38.89  25.0    1 400   28.00  56.00
                  EFP     35     11.0    3 182
                                                  45    32.0    1 094   65.63  59.0     593    45.79  81.36
                   实验结果表明:3 种聚能装药中,SCJ 入水前速度最大,达到了                       5 833 m/s,EFP  入水前速度最小,达到了

               3 182 m/s,JPC  入水前速度居于前两者之间。SCJ 穿过              20 cm  长的水介质后着靶前速度达到了              4 118 m/s,
               是同情形下      JPC  的  1.47  倍和  EFP  的  2.1  倍;并且  SCJ 穿靶后剩余速度为      3 684 m/s,是  JPC  的  1.5  倍和



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