Page 81 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第6期
P. 81
第 45 卷 第 6 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 6
2025 年 6 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jun., 2025
DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0346
循环冲击作用下砂岩裂缝扩展及渗透率响应特征 *
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王 伟 ,刘 泽 ,牛庆合 ,常江芳 ,袁 维 ,郑永香 ,商松华 1,2
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(1. 石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障教育部重点实验室,河北 石家庄 050043;
2. 河北省金属矿山安全高效开采技术创新中心,河北 石家庄 050043)
摘要: 为了研究循环冲击作用下砂岩型铀矿的裂缝及渗透率特征,通过霍普金森杆实验系统对砂岩试样进行了
循环冲击,分别在试样冲击 3 次、6 次和 9 次后,测得砂岩试样的动态力学特性。随后,对冲击后的砂岩试样进行
CT 扫描,并对扫描得到的裂隙进行了三维重构,从而测得孔隙裂隙参数的变化,并对冲击后试样内部结构及损伤影响
进行分析。进一步,利用微观渗流模拟对试样进行渗透性分析,获得试样的模拟渗透率变化特征。最后,进行了冲击
后试样的渗透率室内试验,测得实际渗透率的变化情况。结果显示:循环冲击使得试样产生累积损伤,降低了其动态
力学性能,随着冲击次数的增加,试样内能量循环蓄积-释放,导致裂缝“扩展-压实-再扩展-再压实”;循环冲击过程
中,试样内部小而孤立的裂缝逐步形成大且相互贯通的裂缝,而中裂缝同时存在错断、连通的双重效应,呈现非线性
变化特征;循环冲击作用使得试样内产生更多复杂裂缝,导致流体渗流通道更多、渗流规模更大;循环冲击 3 次时,试
样形成单一裂缝,渗透率提升 340.91%~380.00%;循环冲击 6 次时,裂缝初步连通,渗透率提升 1 468.18%~2 893.33%;
循环冲击九次时,形成连通裂缝网络,渗透率提升 4 718.18%~9 380.00%。研究表明,循环冲击作用能够显著提高砂岩
的渗透率,裂缝扩展和连通是渗透率提升的关键驱动因素。
关键词: 砂岩型铀矿;循环冲击;SHPB;CT 扫描;渗流模拟
中图分类号: O389; TD853 国标学科代码: 13015; 13035 文献标志码: A
Characteristics of fracture propagation and permeability response of
sandstone under cyclic impact effect
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WANG Wei , LIU Ze , NIU Qinghe , CHANG Jiangfang , YUAN Wei ,
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ZHENG Yongxiang , SHANG Songhua 1,2
(1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control,
Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, Hebei, China;
2. Hebei Metal Mine Safety and Efficient Mining Technology Center, Shijiazhuang 050043, Hebei, China)
Abstract: To investigate the fracture and permeability characteristics of sandstone-type uranium ore under cyclic impact, a
Hopkinson bar experimental system was used to load sandstone samples by cyclic impacts. The dynamic mechanical properties
of the sandstone samples were measured after 3, 6 and 9 impacts. Subsequently, the impacted sandstone samples were
subjected to CT scanning, and the crack images obtained from the scans were reconstructed in three-dimensions to measure the
changes in pore and fracture parameters. The internal structures and damages in the impacted samples were then analyzed.
Furthermore, a microscopic seepage simulation was performed to analyze the permeability of the samples, revealing the
changes in the simulated permeability. Finally, permeability tests were conducted on the impacted samples to measure the
variations in the actual permeability. Results show that cyclic impacts cause cumulative damage in the specimens, reducing
their dynamic mechanical properties. As the number of impacts increases, energy in the specimens accumulates and releases
* 收稿日期: 2024-09-15;修回日期: 2025-03-04
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12372375);河北省自然科学基金(E2021210128,A2024210057)
第一作者: 王 伟(1978- ),男,博士,教授,wangweiuuu@163.com
通信作者: 牛庆合(1990- ),男,博士,副教授,qinghniu@163.com
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