Page 91 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第5期

第 45 卷 第 5 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 5
2025 年 5 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES May, 2025

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2024-0244

基于战斗部侵彻动爆一体化效应的遮弹层设计 *

吴 昊，岑国华，程月华，张 瑜

（同济大学土木工程学院，上海 200092）

摘要： 准确评估钻地武器战斗部侵彻和装药运动爆炸（侵彻动爆）的连续作用是对防护结构遮弹层进行可靠设计
的前提。首先，基于装药体积填充和侵彻爆炸分步耦合技术，提出了三阶段弹体侵彻动爆一体化有限元分析方法，通
过与已有的装药运动爆炸试验以及普通混凝土（normal strength concrete，NSC）和超高性能混凝土（ultra-high performance
concrete，UHPC）靶体的侵彻静爆试验结果进行对比，充分验证了所提出方法对侵彻爆炸过程中爆炸波传播、靶体内应
力峰值和开裂行为及其损伤演化描述的准确性。然后，基于 105 mm 口径缩比弹体打击 NSC 靶体工况，对比了所提出
方法与传统侵彻静爆法预测靶体损伤破坏的差异，分析了侵彻爆炸应力场的叠加效应以及弹壳约束和断裂破片的影
响，并基于弹载装药在不同时刻起爆下靶体的破坏特征，确定了战斗部最不利起爆时刻。最后，针对 SDB、WDU-
43/B 和 BLU-109/B 等 3 种原型战斗部打击工况开展数值模拟，其侵彻动爆作用下的 NSC 和 UHPC 遮弹层的破坏深度
分别为 1.33、2.70、2.35 m 和 0.79、1.76、1.70 m，进一步给出了相应的遮弹层临界震塌厚度和临界贯穿厚度。结果表明，
采用侵彻动爆一体化方法计算得到的破坏深度、临界震塌厚度和临界贯穿厚度较传统侵彻静爆法计算结果增大约
5%～30%。
关键词： 侵彻动爆；混凝土遮弹层；临界震塌厚度；临界贯穿厚度；防护设计
中图分类号： O385 国标学科代码： 1303530 文献标志码： A

Design of shield based on integrated effect of penetration
and moving charge explosion of warheads

WU Hao, CEN Guohua, CHENG Yuehua, ZHANG Yu
（College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China）

Abstract: Accurately evaluating the continuous effect of penetration and moving charge explosion of earth penetrating
weapons is the premise of reliable design of shield on the protective structure. Firstly, a three-stage integrated projectile
penetration and moving charge explosion finite element analysis method was proposed based on the technologies of volume
filling of explosive and the two-step coupling in penetration and explosion processes. By conducting the numerical simulations
of the existing tests of moving charge explosion, penetration and static charge explosion of normal strength concrete (NSC) and
ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) targets, the accuracy of the proposed method in describing the propagation of
explosive waves, peak stress, cracking behavior and damage evolution of target under the penetration and explosion was fully
verified. Besides, for the scenario of an NSC target against a 105 mm-caliber scaled projectile, the differences of target damage
predicted by the proposed finite element analysis method and traditional penetration and static charge explosion method were
compared. Meanwhile, the superimposed effect of the penetration and explosion stress field and the influence of shell
constraint and fracture fragment were analyzed. Based on the damage characteristics of targets at different detonation time
instants of explosive, the most unfavorable detonation time instant of the warhead was determined. Finally, numerical
simulations were conducted for the scenarios of three prototype warheads: SDB, WDU-43/B and BLU-109/B. The destructive

* 收稿日期： 2024-07-08；修回日期： 2024-10-28
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（52308522）；工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室开放基金（23kfgk01）
第一作者： 吴 昊（1981－ ），男，博士，教授，wuhaocivil@tongji.edu.cn
通信作者： 程月华（1994－ ），女，博士，yhcheng@tongji.edu.cn

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