Page 63 - 《爆炸与冲击》2023年第2期

第 43 卷 第 2 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 43, No. 2
2023 年 2 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Feb., 2023

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2022-0196

实时高温作用下花岗岩冲击压缩力学特性研究 *

黄耀莹 ，屈 璐 ，李宇白 ，翟 越 ，谢怡帆 1
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（1. 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院，陕西 西安 710064；
2. 自然资源部矿山地质灾害成灾机理与防控重点实验室，陕西 西安 710064）
摘要： 为研究实时高温作用对花岗岩冲击力学特性的影响，以川藏铁路色季拉山施工区域加里东期花岗岩为研
究对象，利用分离式霍普金森杆（SHPB）及同步箱式电阻炉，对 20～800 ℃ 实时高温下的花岗岩试件进行冲击压缩试
验，分析高温作用及加载应变率对试件破碎特征、动态抗压强度及能量吸收情况的影响，基于粉晶 X 射线衍射分析矿
物成分变化与花岗岩动力学强度的内在关联。研究表明：20～400 ℃ 高温试件以脆性劈裂破坏为主，碎片形态呈纺锤
形，两端尖锐，而 600 ℃ 高温试件以塑性破坏为主，形状趋于圆钝；试件峰值应力随温度升高具有先增大后减小的变化
趋势，200 ℃ 时达到强度阈值，随后持续降低；单位体积岩石耗散能与加载应变率呈线性正相关关系，与温度呈二次函
数关系，与峰值应力呈指数关系，拟合效果良好；石英、云母和长石三种主要矿物成分的含量波动、相态变化等因素共
同导致花岗岩动力学强度在 200 ℃ 后逐步劣化。
关键词： 实时高温；花岗岩；SHPB；能量耗散；XRD
中图分类号： O383.2 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Mechanical properties of granite under impact compression
after real-time high temperature

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HUANG Yaoying , QU Lu , LI Yubai , ZHAI Yue , XIE Yifan 1
(1. College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Disaster Mechanism and Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources,
Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: The study of thermal-mechanical coupling mechanism is of great significance to deep rock engineering such as rock
tunnel fire, nuclear waste treatment and geothermal development. To investigate the effect of high temperature on the impact
mechanical properties of granite, the real-time high temperature impact compression test was carried out on the granite
specimen at 20～800 ℃. The Caledonian granite in the construction area of Sejila Mountain on Sichuan-Tibet Railway was
taken as the research object, real-time high temperature impact compression tests were carried out on the specimens under five
−1
different temperatures ( 20, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ℃) with three average loading rates ( 72.8, 144.97 and 230.29 s ) by using
the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and synchronous box-type resistance furnace. The effects of high temperature and
loading strain rate on the fracture characteristics, dynamic compressive strength and fractal dimension of the specimens were
analyzed. The variation law of dissipated energy per unit volume was also studied and discussed. In addition, the intrinsic
correlation between the change of mineral composition and the dynamic strength of granite was analyzed based on X-ray
powder crystal diffraction. The results show that the brittle fracture of the specimens at 20 to 400 ℃ is dominant, and the
fragments are spindle-shaped with sharp ends. The specimens at 600 ℃ are dominated by plastic failure, and their shapes tend

* 收稿日期： 2022-05-09；修回日期： 2022-12-15
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（41941019）；陕西省创新人才推进计划-科研创新团队（2021TD-55）；中央高校基本科研业
务费专项（300102261101）
第一作者： 黄耀莹（1999－ ），女，硕士研究生，2021126140@chd.edu.cn
通信作者： 屈 璐（1983－ ），女，博士，讲师，qulu@chd.edu.cn

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