Page 48 - 《真空与低温》2026年第2期
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徐 然等:磁补偿模拟低重力场下液氧气泡非等温运动特性的实验研究                                       167


              ( σ为表面张力系数,         D P为网幕孔隙的当量直径),                  ble dynamics and heat transfer in subcooling pool boiling un-
              表面张力的降低会减小气泡突破的压差。此外,气                               der  low  gravity[J].  International  Journal  of  Heat  and  Mass
              泡穿透孔隙所需的临界压差在低重力条件下显著                                Transfer,2019,132:1176−1186.
              升高。在常重力条件下,气泡的迁移过程主要受浮                            [6]   CHEN Z,DUAN L,CHEN S,et al. Study of morphology of
              力作用控制,其上升与突破行为由浮力所提供的惯                               gas–liquid interfaces in tank with central column in CSS un-
              性动量主导;当重力水平显著降低时,浮力不足以                               der different gravity conditions[J]. Symmetry,2024,16(7):
              推动气泡穿越孔隙结构,气泡需依赖内部气体压力                               878.
              的持续积累,直至克服孔隙处气液界面的表面张力                            [7]   WANG B,QIN X,JIANG W,et al. Numerical simulation on
              约束才能发生突破。在此过程中,惯性效应被大幅                               interface evolution and pressurization behaviors in cryogenic
              削弱,表面张力逐渐占据主导地位,使气泡突破机                               propellant tank on orbit[J]. Microgravity Science and Tech-
              理由以浮力驱动的惯性主导模式,转变为以表面张                               nology,2020,32(1):59−68.
              力调控的准静态压力突破模式。                                    [8]   LI Z G,ZHU Z Q,LIU Q S,et al. Simulating propellant re-

               3 结论                                                orientation  of  vehicle  upper  stage  in  microgravity  environ-
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                  本研究基于磁补偿的微重力液氧气液分离实
                                                                   237−241.
              验系统,重点探究液氧中氧气泡的动力学行为及气                            [9]   HARTWIG J W. Propellant management devices for low-gra-

              液分离特性。研究发现,入口温度、重力共同影响                               vity fluid management:Past,present,and future applications
              气泡形态:常重力下随入口温度升高,氧气泡初始                               [J].  Journal  of  Spacecraft  and  Rockets, 2017, 54(4): 808−
              体积增大、形态变化更显著;微重力下气泡趋近球                               824.
              形,且不同温度下气泡大小差异小于常重力。此外,                           [10]   XU  R, CHEN  C, WANG  B, et  al.  Experimental  study  of
              常重力下不同温度气泡轨迹接近线性,微重力下呈                                bubble flow dynamics in an asymmetric hierarchical porous
              阶段性波动特征。在气液分离特性上,随着入口温                                structure[J]. Physics of Fluids,2025,37(2):022120.
              度(T 3 )持续升高,临界泡破压力逐步降低,常重力                        [11]   CHEN C,MIAO W,XU R,et al. Theoretical and numeri-
              下入口温度为       96 K  时,临界泡破压力为 0.042 MPa;               cal study of bubble blocking in wetted hierarchical porous
              入口温度为      102 K  时临界泡破压力约为 0.011 MPa。                structures[J]. Microgravity Science and Technology,2025,
              本研究为微/低重力环境下低温推进剂高效气液分                                37(3):23.
              离技术的研发工作提供了关键技术支撑。                                [12]   MA Y,LI Y,WANG L,et al. Investigation on isothermal
                                                                    wicking  performance  within  metallic  weaves  for  screen
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