Page 48 - 《真空与低温》2026年第2期
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徐 然等:磁补偿模拟低重力场下液氧气泡非等温运动特性的实验研究 167
( σ为表面张力系数, D P为网幕孔隙的当量直径), ble dynamics and heat transfer in subcooling pool boiling un-
表面张力的降低会减小气泡突破的压差。此外,气 der low gravity[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass
泡穿透孔隙所需的临界压差在低重力条件下显著 Transfer,2019,132:1176−1186.
升高。在常重力条件下,气泡的迁移过程主要受浮 [6] CHEN Z,DUAN L,CHEN S,et al. Study of morphology of
力作用控制,其上升与突破行为由浮力所提供的惯 gas–liquid interfaces in tank with central column in CSS un-
性动量主导;当重力水平显著降低时,浮力不足以 der different gravity conditions[J]. Symmetry,2024,16(7):
推动气泡穿越孔隙结构,气泡需依赖内部气体压力 878.
的持续积累,直至克服孔隙处气液界面的表面张力 [7] WANG B,QIN X,JIANG W,et al. Numerical simulation on
约束才能发生突破。在此过程中,惯性效应被大幅 interface evolution and pressurization behaviors in cryogenic
削弱,表面张力逐渐占据主导地位,使气泡突破机 propellant tank on orbit[J]. Microgravity Science and Tech-
理由以浮力驱动的惯性主导模式,转变为以表面张 nology,2020,32(1):59−68.
力调控的准静态压力突破模式。 [8] LI Z G,ZHU Z Q,LIU Q S,et al. Simulating propellant re-
3 结论 orientation of vehicle upper stage in microgravity environ-
ment[J]. Microgravity Science and Technology,2013,25(4):
本研究基于磁补偿的微重力液氧气液分离实
237−241.
验系统,重点探究液氧中氧气泡的动力学行为及气 [9] HARTWIG J W. Propellant management devices for low-gra-
液分离特性。研究发现,入口温度、重力共同影响 vity fluid management:Past,present,and future applications
气泡形态:常重力下随入口温度升高,氧气泡初始 [J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2017, 54(4): 808−
体积增大、形态变化更显著;微重力下气泡趋近球 824.
形,且不同温度下气泡大小差异小于常重力。此外, [10] XU R, CHEN C, WANG B, et al. Experimental study of
常重力下不同温度气泡轨迹接近线性,微重力下呈 bubble flow dynamics in an asymmetric hierarchical porous
阶段性波动特征。在气液分离特性上,随着入口温 structure[J]. Physics of Fluids,2025,37(2):022120.
度(T 3 )持续升高,临界泡破压力逐步降低,常重力 [11] CHEN C,MIAO W,XU R,et al. Theoretical and numeri-
下入口温度为 96 K 时,临界泡破压力为 0.042 MPa; cal study of bubble blocking in wetted hierarchical porous
入口温度为 102 K 时临界泡破压力约为 0.011 MPa。 structures[J]. Microgravity Science and Technology,2025,
本研究为微/低重力环境下低温推进剂高效气液分 37(3):23.
离技术的研发工作提供了关键技术支撑。 [12] MA Y,LI Y,WANG L,et al. Investigation on isothermal
wicking performance within metallic weaves for screen
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