Page 46 - 《中国医疗器械杂志》2026年第2期

Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation 2026年 第50卷 第2期

研 究 与 论 著

文章编号：1671-7104(2026)02-0160-07

碳离子治疗系统感生放射性模拟与辐射防护

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【作 者】 刘斯洋 ，焦春营 ，谢士兵 ，付国涛 ，王培臣 ，邓玉林 2
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1 北京市医疗器械检验研究院，北京市，101111
2 北京理工大学 医学技术学院，北京市，100081
【摘 要】 目的 针对碳离子治疗系统运行中产生的感生放射性问题，系统评估不同束流参数对治疗室感生辐射场分布
的影响，提出科学防护策略。方法 基于FLUKA蒙特卡罗模拟软件，构建包含多叶准直器（multi-leaf
collimator, MLC）、补偿器、患者模体及混凝土屏蔽结构的几何模型，模拟分析400 MeV/u的碳离子束在不
同束流强度和不同照射时间下，各关注点的感生放射性剂量率衰变规律及核素活化的特征。结果 各部件产
生的感生放射性与束流强度呈线性响应，当束流强度达到1×10 pps、照射15 min时，停机1 min的MLC表
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面残余剂量率为15.8 μSv/h，需冷却45 min方低于安全限值。患者模体产生的活化核素以短半衰期核素为主，
冷却10 min后接触的风险可控。职业人员年空气浸没外照射剂量约为174 μSv，年吸入有效剂量约为0.31 μSv。
结论 碳离子放射治疗系统产生的感生放射性剂量主要产生于MLC和患者模体，在辐照终止后的10 min内工
作人员应尽量避免与其直接接触。空气活化所致的职业照射水平可维持在职业剂量约束值以下。
【关 键 词】 碳离子治疗；感生放射性；蒙特卡罗模拟；辐射防护
【中图分类号】 R13; R144
【文献标志码】 A doi: 10.12455/j.issn.1671-7104.250269
Simulation Analysis and Radiation Protection Study of Induced
Radioactivity in Carbon Ion Therapy Systems
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【 Authors 】 LIU Siyang , JIAO Chunying , XIE Shibing , FU Guotao , WANG Peichen , DENG Yulin 2
1 Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing, Beijing, 101111
2 School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081
【 Abstract 】 Objective Addressing the issue of induced radioactivity in carbon ion therapy system operation, to
systematically evaluate the impact of beam parameters on the distribution of induced radiation field in
carbon ion therapy room and develop radiation protection strategies. Methods A geometric model
integrating a multi-leaf collimator (MLC), compensator, patient phantom, and concrete shielding structure
was developed using the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation code. Systematic simulations were conducted to
analyze residual dose rate decay kinetics and radionuclide activation profiles at critical components under
400 MeV/u carbon ion irradiation with beam intensities and irradiation durations. Results The induced
radioactivity generated by components exhibited a linear response to beam intensity. The MLC surface
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exhibited a residual dose rate of 15.8 μSv/h at 1 min post-irradiation (1×10 pps, 15-minute irradiation),
requiring 45 min cooling for the safety threshold. The activation nuclides produced in patient phantoms
were dominated by short-lived nuclides, with radiation dose decreased to acceptable level within 10 min
post-irradiation. Occupational exposure assessments demonstrated annual effective doses of about 174
μSv (air immersion) and 0.31 μSv (inhalation). Conclusion The induced radioactivity dose produced by
the carbon ion radiotherapy system is mainly generated by MLC and patient phantoms. Personnel should
avoid direct contact within 10 minutes post-irradiation. Occupational exposure levels of the air activation
remain compliant with occupational dose constraints.
【Key words】 carbon ion therapy, induced radioactivity, Monte Carlo simulation, radiation protection

收稿日期：2025-04-21
作者简介：刘斯洋，E-mail: 1319316423@qq.com
通信作者：王培臣，E-mail: wangpeichen@bimt.org.cn；邓玉林，E-mail: deng@bit.edu.cn

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