Page 168 - 《中国电力》2026年第5期

第 59 卷 第 5 期 Vol. 59, No. 5
2026 年 5 月 ELECTRIC POWER May 2026

引用格式：李永斌, 格桑晋美, 吴杰, 等. 考虑 SOC 约束和有功调频系数的构网型储能一次调频方法[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(5): 164−175.
Citation: LI Yongbin, GESANG Jinmei, WU Jie, et al. A grid-forming energy storage primary frequency regulation method considering SOC
constraints and active frequency modulation coefficients[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(5): 164−175.

考虑 SOC 约束和有功调频系数的构网型

储能一次调频方法

李永斌 ，格桑晋美 ，吴杰 ，朱玲 ，徐广 2
2
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1
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(1. 国网西藏电力有限公司，西藏 拉萨 850000；
2. 国电南瑞南京控制系统有限公司，江苏 南京 211106)
A grid-forming energy storage primary frequency regulation method
considering SOC constraints and active frequency modulation coefficients

1
1
2
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LI Yongbin , GESANG Jinmei , WU Jie , ZHU Ling , XU Guang 2
(1. State Grid Xizang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Lhasa 850000, China; 2. NARI Nanjing Control System Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211106, China)

Abstract: With the decline of system inertia in modern power constraints, the proposed method reduces the maximum
systems, frequency issues following disturbances have become frequency deviation by 43.3% and significantly raises the
increasingly severe, and the deployment of grid-forming energy frequency nadir, thereby effectively enhancing the transient
storage has gradually emerged as an important means for frequency stability of the power system.
primary frequency regulation. However, improper parameter This work is supported by Smart Grid-National Science and
settings of grid-forming energy storage may aggravate transient Technology Major Project (No.2025ZD0805000), Science and
stability risks, and existing studies generally neglect the state of Technology Project of State Grid Xizang Electric Power Co.,
charge (SOC) constraints of the storage system itself. To Ltd. (No.52313924000H).
address this issue, this paper proposes a primary frequency Keywords: grid-forming energy storage; primary frequency
regulation method for grid-forming energy storage considering regulation; SOC constraint
SOC constraints and active frequency modulation coeffici-
ents.First, a detailed mathematical model is established to 摘 要：随着电力系统惯量下降导致扰动后系统频率问
describe the coordinated participation of grid-forming energy 题 加 剧 ， 配 置 构 网 型 储 能 逐 渐 成 为 一 次 调 频 的 重 要 手
storage and synchronous generators in primary frequency 段。若构网型储能参数设置不当反而可能加剧系统暂态
regulation, and the system frequency response transfer function 稳定风险，且现有研究普遍忽略储能自身荷电状态（state
is derived. Second, based on trajectory sensitivity analysis, the of charge，SOC）约束。为此，提出一种考虑 SOC 约束和
key dominant parameters affecting transient frequency stability 有功调频系数的构网型储能一次调频方法。首先，建立
are identified, and a parameter optimization model is 构网型储能与同步发电机协同参与一次调频的详细数学
constructed with the objective of minimizing the maximum 模型，推导系统频率响应传递函数；其次，基于轨迹灵
system frequency deviation. The model incorporates constraints 敏度分析，识别出影响暂态频率稳定的关键主导参数并
on the SOC safe operating range, output limits, and the rate of 构建以最小化系统最大频率偏差为目标，计及储能 SOC
change of frequency (RoCoF), and is solved using the 安全运行区间、出力限制及系统频率变化率（rate of change
sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm. Finally, of frequency，RoCoF）约束的参数优化模型，采用序列二
simulation results demonstrate that, under SOC and RoCoF 次规划算法进行求解；最后，通过仿真算例验证，结果
表明所提方法在满足 SOC 与 RoCoF 约束条件下，使系统
最大频率偏差降低 43.3%，频率最低点显著抬升，有效提
收稿日期：2025−12−15； 修回日期：2026−04−14。 升了系统暂态频率稳定性能。
基金项目：智能电网国家科技重大专项（2025ZD0805000）； 关键词：构网型储能；一次调频；SOC 约束
国网西藏电力有限公司科技项目（52313924000H）。 DOI：10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202512032

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