Page 36 - 《渔业研究》2026年第1期

第 1 期 朱威霖等： 克氏原螯虾繁殖周期及选育新品系遗传多样性分析 33

Analysis of the reproduction cycle of Procambarus clarkii and the genetic
diversity of selected new strains

ZHU Weilin ，HUANG Jin ，CHEN Xiaohan ，SUI Ran ，ZHANG Qihao ，HUANG Yuliu ，
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CHEN Xiuli ，ZHAO Yongzhen ，CHEN Zhifang 2*
(1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of
Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China;
2. National Fisheries Technology Extension Center, Chinese Society of Fisheries, Beijing 100125, China)
Abstract: [Objective] This study aims to elucidate the reproductive patterns of Procambarus clarkii in the
Nanning region of Guangxi and assess the genetic diversity of new strains obtained through mass selection
breeding, thereby providing a scientific basis for improved variety selection and seed production. [Methods]
Monthly dynamic sampling over 12 months was conducted at the Runshuang P. clarkii breeding base in Datang
Town, Liangqing District, Nanning City. Gonadosomatic indices of male and female P. clarkii and berried cycle
characteristics of females were systematically analyzed. Genetic diversity of three novel selective breeding lines
(Egyptian, Yueyang-Hunan, and Qianjiang-Hubei populations) was evaluated using microsatellite markers.
[Results] The results showed that in spring, most female shrimp just began to develop, with a low gonadal in-
dex. After that, it gradually increased every month. The mature stage was from October to November, with the
maximum value in October, and the ovarian index reached (3.45±0.12)%. The gonadal index of male shrimp
also reached its maximum value in September and October, at 0.11% and 0.10% respectively. The gonadal de-
velopment of both male and female individuals was basically synchronous. The new strains of P. clarkii ob-
tained through mass selection and breeding for three generations all have relatively rich genetic diversity (expec-
ted heterozygosity, 0.743<H <0.779; polymorphism information content, 0.708<PIC<0.751), exceeding pre-
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breeding levels (F ). The Egyptian population (H was 0.779, PIC was 0.751) exhibited relatively high genetic
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diversity. [Conclusion] Synchronized gonadal maturation peaks in October, and the new strain obtained
through mass selection exhibites high genetic diversity. These findings provide critical data and theoretical sup-
port for P. clarkii genetic improvement and large-scale seedling production.
Key words: Procambarus clarkii; reproductive cycle; genetic diversity; mass selection