Page 23 - 《水产学报》2026年第04期

4 期 韩青鹏，等：黄渤海小黄鱼种群动态及其驱动因素 50 卷

黄鱼种群曾经历了严重的过度捕捞，导致其种群 [ 5 ] 金显仕. 黄海小黄鱼 (Pseudosciaena polyactis) 生态和种群动
数量和繁殖潜能下降。然而，随着捕捞压力的减 态的研究 [J]. 中国水产科学, 1996, 3(1): 32-46.
缓，其种群状况开始好转，目前处于关键的恢复 Jin X S. Ecology and population dynamics of small yellow
窗口期，持续实施保守型管理对于种群数量恢复 croaker (Pseudosciaena polyactis Bleeker) in the Yellow
至关重要。 Sea[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 1996, 3(1): 32-46
结构方程模型清晰地揭示了小黄鱼资源变动 (in Chinese).
的驱动机制：捕捞压力是导致资源衰退的根本原 [ 6 ] 金显仕, 程济生, 邱盛尧, 等. 黄渤海渔业资源综合研究与评
因，其负面影响远超环境波动与污染带来的效应。 价 [M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2006: 1-395.
然而，现行管理措施和有利的气候条件正为资源 Jin X S, Cheng J S, Qiu S Y, et al. The comprehensive research
and assessment of fishery resources in Yellow Sea and Bohai
恢复提供支撑，因此，最有效的恢复策略应利用
Sea[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2006: 1-395 (in Chinese).
当前有利的气候窗口期，进一步强化渔业管理，
[ 7 ] 苏程程, 韩青鹏, 张琦, 等. 山东半岛北部海域渔业生物群落
如降低捕捞死亡率，同时配合实施多种养护措施
结构及健康评价 [J]. 渔业科学进展, 2023, 44(3): 1-11.
(限制可捕规格和幼鱼比例等)，实现种群数量的
Su C C, Han Q P, Zhang Q, et al. Structure and health of the
稳步增长 [1,23] 。另外，仅依赖非空间的参考点 (如
fishery community in the northern Shandong Peninsula sea
F 或 SPR 阈值) 进行管理，可能掩盖局部资源衰
area[J]. Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2023, 44(3): 1-11 (in
退风险；实施基于空间结构的差异化捕捞调控，
Chinese).
并对核心栖息地予以重点保护，有助于小黄鱼种
[ 8 ] Han Q P, Shan X J, Gorfine H, et al. Coupling spatio-temporal
群维持并避免局部群系衰退。
distribution to provide more informative population status and
management recommendations[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025,
感谢中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所渔 15(1): 24679.
业资源与生态系统研究室各位同仁在本研究中给 [ 9 ] Han Q P, Shan X J, Gorfine H, et al. A coupled VAST-JARA-
予的支持。 AMSY framework for understanding the spatio-temporal
dynamics of small pelagic fishes and improving the accuracy of
（作者声明本文无利益冲突） fisheries management[J]. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisher-

ies, 2025, 35(3): 1589-1607.
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中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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