Page 379 - 《软件学报》2025年第8期

软件学报 ISSN 1000-9825, CODEN RUXUEW E-mail: jos@iscas.ac.cn
2025,36(8):3802−3830 [doi: 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.007269] [CSTR: 32375.14.jos.007269] http://www.jos.org.cn
©中国科学院软件研究所版权所有. Tel: +86-10-62562563

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基于原生链的跨 Rollup 机制研究

张子龙 1,2 , 贾林鹏 1 , 蒋硕轩 1,2 , 孙 毅 1,2

1
(中国科学院 计算技术研究所, 北京 100190)
2
(中国科学院大学 计算机科学与技术学院, 北京 100049)
通信作者: 孙毅, E-mail: sunyi@ict.ac.cn

摘 要: Rollup 是一种新兴的区块链链下交易处理方案. 随着应用的持续发展, 不同类型 Rollup 间的互操作需求日
益增长. 现有 Rollup 间互操作方案通常使用第三方服务商来协助完成, 存在着信任假设的安全风险和单点故障等
问题. 基于原生链完成 Rollup 间互操作无需引入新的信任假设, 但会消耗原生链的计算与存储资源, 降低原生链的
交易吞吐量, 从而严重影响跨 Rollup 性能. 基于此, 提出一种基于原生链的跨 Rollup 方案, 通过聚合交易批量处理
的方式, 有效减少单笔交易的链上平均计算与存储资源开销. 具体而言, 提出基于零知识证明的交易有效性证明方
案, 显著减少交易有效性验证的链上计算开销. 提出基于索引表数据压缩的交易存储方案, 降低跨 Rollup 交易的平
均链上存储开销. 提出聚合规模均衡调整算法, 得到最优的聚合规模, 实现链上资源消耗与处理时延之间的平衡.
最后, 对方案进行实验验证. 实验结果表明, 所提方案在完全去信任化的前提下, 能降低链上计算开销和存储开销,
实现链上资源消耗与处理时延的平衡, 并且与现有跨 Rollup 方案相比, 所提方案的系统吞吐量也具有很好的表现.
关键词: 区块链; Rollup; 零知识证明; 多目标优化
中图法分类号: TP311

中文引用格式: 张子龙, 贾林鹏, 蒋硕轩, 孙毅. 基于原生链的跨Rollup机制研究. 软件学报, 2025, 36(8): 3802–3830. http://www.jos.
org.cn/1000-9825/7269.htm
英文引用格式: Zhang ZL, Jia LP, Jiang SX, Sun Y. Research on Cross-Rollup Mechanism Based on Native Blockchain. Ruan Jian Xue
Bao/Journal of Software, 2025, 36(8): 3802–3830 (in Chinese). http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/7269.htm

Research on Cross-Rollup Mechanism Based on Native Blockchain
1,2
1,2
1
ZHANG Zi-Long , JIA Lin-Peng , JIANG Shuo-Xuan , SUN Yi 1,2
1
(Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
2
(School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
Abstract: Rollup is an emerging off-chain transaction processing solution for blockchains. With the continuous development of
applications, the need for interoperability among different types of Rollups is increasingly growing. Existing cross-Rollup interoperability
solutions typically rely on third-party service providers to assist in completion, which brings about security risks such as new trust
assumptions and single-point-of-failure issues. Completing interoperability among Rollups based on the native chain does not require
introducing new trust assumptions, but will consume the computing and storage resources of the native chain, reduce the transaction
throughput of the native chain, and thus seriously affect the performance of cross-Rollup. Based on this, this study proposes a cross-Rollup
mechanism based on a native blockchain. By aggregating and processing transactions in batches, it effectively reduces the on-chain average
computation and storage resource costs of individual transactions. Specifically, a transaction validity proof scheme based on zero-
knowledge proof is proposed to significantly reduce the on-chain computation overhead of transaction validity verification. A transaction
storage scheme based on index table data compression is proposed, reducing the average on-chain storage overhead of cross-Rollup
transactions. An aggregation scale balance adjustment algorithm is proposed, which obtains the optimal aggregation scale, achieving a

* 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划 (2021YFB2700301); 国家自然科学基金 (U22B2032)
收稿时间: 2024-01-30; 修改时间: 2024-04-07, 2024-06-11; 采用时间: 2024-08-02; jos 在线出版时间: 2025-01-24
CNKI 网络首发时间: 2025-01-26