Page 342 - 《软件学报》2021年第7期

软件学报 ISSN 1000-9825, CODEN RUXUEW E-mail: jos@iscas.ac.cn
Journal of Software,2021,32(7):22602286 [doi: 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.006309] http://www.jos.org.cn
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
区块链系统中身份管理技术研究综述

2,3
1
姚 前 , 张大伟
1
(中国证券监督管理委员会 科技监管局,北京 100032)
2
(北京交通大学 计算机与信息技术学院,北京 100044)
3 (智能交通数据安全与隐私保护技术北京市重点实验室,北京 100044)
通讯作者: 张大伟, E-mail: dwzhang@bjtu.edu.cn

摘 要: 区块链技术是一种通过块链式结构、共识算法和智能合约来生成、存储、操作和验证数据的新型分布
式基础架构和计算范式,其所构建的新型信任机制有助于推动互联网技术由信息互联网向价值互联网的转化.由于
区块链中的账本数据采用公开交易记录、多节点共识确认的方式进行存储和验证,因此对系统中的身份管理及隐
私保护提出了极大的挑战.首先分析了区块链系统交易模型的特点及其与传统中心化系统在身份认证、数据存储
和交易确认方面的不同,阐述了区块链系统中身份管理技术涵盖的主要内容、关键问题及安全挑战;其次,从身份标
识、身份认证和身份隐藏 3 个方面比较分析了目前主流区块链平台中身份管理和隐私保护的不同实现技术;最后,
分析了现有区块链系统中身份管理的不足并对未来的研究方向进行了展望.
关键词: 区块链;密码货币;身份管理;隐私保护;匿名性;不可链接性
中图法分类号: TP311

中文引用格式: 姚前,张大伟.区块链系统中身份管理技术研究综述.软件学报,2021,32(7):22602286. http://www.jos.org.cn/
1000-9825/6309.htm
英文引用格式: Yao Q, Zhang DW. Survey on identity management in blockchain. Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software,
2021,32(7):22602286 (in Chinese). http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/6309.htm

Survey on Identity Management in Blockchain
1
YAO Qian , ZHANG Da-Wei 2,3
1 (Science and Technology Supervision Bureau, China Securities Regulatory Commission, Beijing 100032, China)
2 (School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)
3 (Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing 100044, China)
Abstract: Blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computation paradigm that generates, stores, manipulates, and
validates data through chain structures, consensus algorithms, and smart contracts. The new trust mechanism is built to promote the
transformation of Internet technology from Internet of information to Internet of value. Since the data in the blockchain is stored and
verified by means of public transaction records and multi-peer consensus confirmation, it poses a great challenge to the transaction
privacy protection in the system. This study first analyzes the characteristics of the blockchain system transaction model and its
differences from the traditional centralized system in identity authentication, data storage and transaction confirmation, and describes the
main contents, key issues and security challenges of identity management in blockchain. Secondly, the different implementation
technologies of identity management and privacy protection are analyzed in the current mainstream blockchain platform from three
aspects, namely, identity identification, identity authentication, and identity hiding. Finally, the shortcoming of the existing blockchain
identity management technology issummarized and the future research directionsare proposed.

 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2103802); 国家自然科学基金(U1736114)
Foundation item: National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFB2103802); National Natural Science Foundation of China
(U1736114)
收稿时间: 2020-08-13; 修改时间: 2020-11-10; 采用时间: 2021-01-15; jos 在线出版时间: 2021-02-07