Page 4 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第5期

第 41 卷 第 5 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 5
2021 年 9 月 Tribology Sept, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2021186

冰雪运动雪上摩擦学与雪蜡研究现状

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1,4
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郝晓晴 , 刘钰博 , 吴 杨 1,3,4* , 刘钦泽 , 王道爱 , 周 峰 1*
(1. 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 固体润滑国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
2. 齐鲁工业大学 材料科学与工程学院, 山东 济南 250353;
3. 烟台中科先进材料与绿色化工产业技术研究院, 山东 烟台 264006;
4. 青岛市资源化学与新材料研究中心, 山东 青岛 266100)

摘 要: 冬奥冰雪运动摩擦阻力影响运动健儿成绩，减少滑雪板与雪面之间摩擦阻力，有助于提升滑雪时的行进速
度，提高运动员成绩排名. 研究冰雪表面摩擦学，有助于认识冰雪表面水润滑机理，为设计高性能滑雪板和雪蜡材
料提供相关的研究基础. 因此，本文作者从冰雪表面摩擦学开始，简要介绍冰雪表面水润滑机理及影响冰雪表面摩
擦学性能的影响因素，如环境参数(运动环境的温度/湿度)、雪基参数(雪面硬度、密度，雪面温度/湿度、冰晶大小、雪
面污染物)、滑雪板基底参数及雪蜡的使用等；着重介绍了滑雪运动必备的材料-滑雪板减阻蜡的作用和分类，含氟
雪蜡对人员环境的危害，雪蜡的选择与打蜡方式对雪板减阻性能的影响以及国内外现有的冰雪摩擦测试装置. 最
后，对我国现有冰雪摩擦学基础研究，冰雪运动摩擦学及雪蜡材料的应用开发研究提出了几点建议和期望.
关键词: 冰雪表面; 准液态水层; 冰雪运动; 雪蜡; 疏水性; 摩擦系数
中图分类号: TH117 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)05–0593–16

Recent Research and Development of Snow Friction

on Snowsports and Snow Wax

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HAO Xiaoqing , LIU Yubo , WU Yang , LIU Qinze , WANG Daoai , ZHOU Feng

(1. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Gansu Lanzhou 730000, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Jinan 250353, China
3. Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering,
Shandong Yantai 264006, China
4. Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Shandong Qingdao 266100, China)
Abstract: The friction resistance between snow and ski affects athletes’ score. Reducing the friction resistance will help
to increase movement speed and improve ranking of athletes. The study of tribology of ice & snow surfaces is also
helpful to reveal the water lubrication mechanism of ice and snow, as well as provide relevant research basis for design
high performance ski and snow wax materials. So in this review, we started from the tribology and aqueous lubrication
mechanism of ice & snow, and the influence factors, including environmental parameters (temperature and humidity),
snow surface parameters (hardness & density, ice crystal size, pollutants), ski parameters (ski material, surface structure
and roughness) and the use of ski wax, etc, that affect ice & snow friction were discussed. Then, the ski wax, the

Received 19 August 2021, revised 13 September 2021, accepted 13 September 2021, available online 28 September 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: yangwu@licp.cas.cn, Tel: +86-13893225958; E-mail: zhouf@licp.cas.cn, Tel: +86-931-4968466.
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China –“Science and Technology of Winter Olympics” Key Project
(2020YFF0304600) and Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering Project
(AMGCE0009).
国家重点研发计划-“科技冬奥”重点专项(2020YFF0304600)和烟台中科先进材料与绿色化工研究院项目(AMGCE0009)资助.