Page 32 - 《摩擦学学报》2020年第4期

第 40 卷 第 4 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 40 No 4
2020 年 7 月 Tribology Jul, 2020

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2019229

坡面道路上地面形貌对人体步进摩擦的影响

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李梁瑜 , 陈德强 , 张永振 , 牛永平 , 陈慧敏 1,2
(1. 河南科技大学 高端轴承摩擦学技术与应用国家地方联合工程实验室，河南 洛阳 471023;
2. 河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，河南 洛阳 471023;
3. 河南科技大学 化工与制药学院，河南 洛阳 471023)
摘 要: 人体行走经常发生滑摔事故，而坡面道路是人体行走的典型路况之一. 当前通过改变鞋底和地板的材料、鞋
底和地板的表面形貌以提高步进摩擦系数的研究多是基于水平路面，对坡面道路上的人体行走，特别是地面形貌
变化对坡面道路上的人体行走研究较少. 本文中以45钢作为材料，制备出表面波纹度相同而表面形貌不同的地板，
利用步进摩擦试验平台改变行走路面的坡度研究了地面形貌变化对坡面道路上人体步进摩擦的影响. 结果表明：坡
度对有效摩擦系数的影响高于表面形貌；随着坡度的增加，安全行走所需的必要摩擦系数增大，地面提供的有效摩
擦系数减小，步频则先增大后减小；上坡启动时脚掌与路面的有效接触面积和下坡制动时脚跟的有效接触面积随坡
度的增加而减小，导致有效摩擦系数降低，滑摔倾向增大. 人体行走姿态为了保持平衡而缩短步长以降低必要摩擦系数.
关键词: 步进摩擦; 表面形貌; 坡面道路; 摩擦系数; 滑摔
中图分类号: TH117.3 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2020)04–0442–08

Effect of Floor Surface Topography on Human Stepping
Tribology in Slope Walkway

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LI Liangyu , CHEN Deqiang , ZHANG Yongzhen , NIU Yongping , CHEN Huimin 1,2
(1. National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and
Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and
Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China
3. School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy,
Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China)
Abstract: Slips and falls usually happen during human walking, and slope is a typical walkway. There are many
researches about the improving of stepping friction coefficient through changing the materials and surface morphology
of sole and floor in level walkway, but only a few are in slope walkway, especially under different surface topography
condition. This paper prepared three floors of different surface topography with same surface waviness on 45 steel,
studied their stepping friction coefficient in slope walkway by gait friction tester. Results showed that the effect of slope
on available coefficient of friction was higher than that of surface roughness. With the increasing of slope, required
coefficient of friction increased and available coefficient of friction decreased, and stride frequency first increased then
decreased. The effective area that forefoot contacted with walkway decreased with the increasing slope during uphill, as
well as the heel contacted with walkway during downhill, that reduced the available coefficient of friction and increased

Received 20 November 2019, revised 20 February 2020, accepted 28 February 2020, available online 28 July 2020.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: dqchen@haust.edu.cn, Tel: +86-15136300487.
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51175149), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
(2017M612393) and Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (172102210262).
国家自然科学基金项目(51175149)，中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M612393)和河南省科技攻关项目(172102210262)资助.