Page 95 - 《高原气象》2026年第1期

1 期 王甜甜等：1980－2022年青海湖湖表温度和湖泊热浪的变化及成因探究 91
times. The total number of days with lake heatwaves each year increased significantly. The total number of days
in 2022 reached 150 days. The mean lake heatwave duration in most years exceeded 10 days per occurrence. The
maximum lake heatwave duration in 2022 even reached 76 days， and the mean lake heatwave intensity increased
significantly. The intensity levels of heatwaves in Qinghai Lake in 2016 and 2022 were in a "severe" state， which
is two orders of magnitude stronger than the multi-year average intensity level （"moderate" level）.（3） Air tem‐
perature， specific humidity， downward long-wave radiation， downward short-wave radiation， and air pressure
are positively correlated with the simulated lake surface temperature. Moreover， they are positively correlated
with the total days of lake heatwaves and the mean intensity. However wind speed is negatively correlated with in
the simulated lake surface temperature， the total days of lake heatwaves and the mean intensity. The meteorologi‐
cal factors that positively contribute to the increase in lake surface temperature， from largest to smallest， are air
temperature （23. 83%）， specific humidity （20. 52%）， wind speed （16. 05%）， downward long-wave radiation
（14. 79%）， and downward short-wave radiation （10. 68%）. The meteorological factors that positively contribute
to the increase in the total days of lake heatwaves are air temperature （37. 54%）， wind speed （35. 86%）， specif‐
ic humidity （30. 03%）， downward long-wave radiation （28. 27%）， and downward short-wave radiation
（27. 72%）. The meteorological factors that positively contribute to the enhancement of lake heatwave intensity
are air temperature （13. 25%）， wind speed （13. 07%）， specific humidity （12. 35%）， downward long-wave radi‐
ation （11. 05%）， and downward short-wave radiation （10. 98%）. Air pressure has an inhibitory effect on the in‐
crease in lake surface temperature， the total days of lake heatwaves， and the mean intensity.
Key words： Qinghai Lake； TPMFD； lake surface temperature； lake heatwave； attribution analysis