Page 43 - 《高原气象》2025年第6期

6 期 石乐乐等：青藏高原巴木错季风期水量收支变化特征及成因分析 1451

Characteristics and Causes of Water Balance Variations during

the Monsoon Period in Bamu Co on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

SHI Lele ， MA Weiqiang 2， 1， 4 ， MA Weiyao 2， 3， 4 ， MA Yaoming 2， 1， 4 ， ZUO HongChao ，
1
1， 2
WANG Binbin ， XIE Zhipeng ， SU Rongmingzhu ， BAI Ling ，
2
5
2
6
MA Longtengfei 2， 3， 4 ， CHEN Tingwei ， CHEN Yingyi 1， 2
1， 2
（1. College of Atmospheric Sciences， Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730000， Gansu， China；
2. Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group， State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System， Environment
and Resources （TPESER）， Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100101， China；
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100101， China；
4. National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes，
Dingri 858200， Xizang， China；
5. China Resources Power Technology Research Institute Co. ， Ltd. ， Shenzhen 518001， China；
6. CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy，
Liangping Meteorological Bureau， Chongqing 405200， China）

Abstract： The variation in water budget of closed lakes serves as an ideal research subject for studying lake re‐
sponses to climate change. However， most existing studies focus on the long-term water volume changes of lakes
on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Due to data scarcity， the intra-annual dynamics of water budgets and the contribu‐
tions of balance components in these lakes remain unclear， hindering research on water budget dynamics and cli‐
mate change responses. Base on hydrological-meteorological observation data， reanalysis datasets， water bal‐
ance equations， and inflow runoff calculation methods， this study analyzes the dynamic characteristics of water
balance components ［lake surface precipitation （P）， inflow runoff （R s ）， lake surface evaporation （E）］， lake
level （H） and lake level difference（ΔH）） in Bamu Co during the 2021 -2023 monsoon periods； the relative con‐
tributions rates of water balance factors in different months and years； along with the interannual variations in
meteorological elements including air temperature， downward radiation， and relative humidity. The results show
that： （1） The water budget of Bamu Co exhibits significant interannual variation. In 2021， abundant P and R s
drove in H. In 2022， sharp declines in P and R s led to a drop in H. In 2023， increases in P and R s offset the inten‐
sified E， resulting in another rise in H.（2） ΔH is mainly regulated by R s and E. On the monthly scale， the contri‐
bution of R s displays a “V”-shaped， while E shows an opposite trend. On the interannual scale， R s plays a domi‐
nant role in positive variations （2021 and 2023）， whereas E dominates negative variations （2022）.（3） Meteoro‐
logical elements influenced ΔH through P-E balance adjustments： moderate temperature， high humidity， and
medium radiation in 2021 maintained medium E/P ratio with positive ΔH （+231 mm）； elevated temperature， re‐
duced humidity， and enhanced radiation in 2022 increased E/P ratio alongside decreased P and R s ， resulting in
negative ΔH （-75 mm）； improved meteorological conditions in 2023 reduced E/P ratio and restored hydrother‐
mal conditions， driving positive ΔH （+350. 6 mm）. This study provides crucial insights into unique hydrological
mechanisms of monsoon-influenced lakes， supports ecological security barrier construction for the "Asian Water
Tower"， and promotes sustainable development on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
Key words： Qinghai-Xizang Plateau； Water balance； Inflow runoff； Lake surface precipitation； Lake surface
evaporation